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History Essay Plan on landowner who lost land in Plantation (The Results…
History Essay Plan on landowner who lost land in Plantation
Main People that caused Plantation
King James VI of Scotland/King James I of England
After the Battle of Kinsale in 1601 King James wanted to make peace in Ireland and most Gaelic Lords didn't want to except English Rule so they left looking for an army to fight against the English. With all the Gaelic Lords gone Jame decided to Planet Ulster and he took Tyrone and Tyrconnell lands away from them. Since James was the King of Scotland, England and Ireland he wanted to bring people from his kingdoms together.
The Settlers
Undertakers
Undertakers were English and Scottish landowners who mostly got estates that were 2,000 acres and they paid £5 per 1,000 acres per year and they must bring English or Scottish tenants and must not rent land to Irish tenants
Servitors
Servitors were Englishmen and Scots who worked for the government in Ireland and they were mainly soldiers (They got 13% of the land) who got estates of 1,500 or 1,000 acres and they paid £8 per 1,000 acres to the King and they could rent land to Irish tenants
Loyal Irish
Loyal Irish were Gaelic landowners who stayed loyal to the king (They got 14% of the land) they got estates of 1,000 acres or less and they paid the king £10 per 1,000 acres and they could rent land to Irish tenants
London Companies
King James persuaded twelve London Companies to invest money in planting County Derry because Jame had made a special arrangement to plant County Derry. They had divided the land between the twelve companies and they renamed it County London-Derry. The London businessmen built two large towns called Derry and Coleraine and the Gaelic people had to live outside the town wall and they settled on the boggy area nearby and this area was and still is called the Bogside.
How did it work
The land of Ulster had been taken and it was divided into six counties which were Dongel, Derry, Tyrone, Armagh, Fermanagh and Cavan.
The area was divided into estates of 1,000 acres, 1,500 acres and 2,000 which were more manageable sizes than the sizes in Munster and he would give the estates to three types of planters which were the Undertakers, Servitors and Loyal Irish (These were the Native Irish who stayed loyal to the English during the Nine Years War).
The Results of the Plantation
There were new settlers by 1640 which were English and Scottish adult settlers in Ulster and Gaelic Irish people kept farming the land by very few of them owned any of the land
The Settlers drew maps of their new estates of the news house and towns that they would build and where they would build them
There were new laws made as well, the English Judges brought in Common Law, in the large towns there were courthouses and a gaol to house prisoners.
New Religions had come to Ulster during the Plantation, Most of the settlers were Protestants, the Scottish settlers were Presbyterian (The followers of John Calvin) and the English settlers were Anglican (They belonged to the Church of Ireland).
New ways of farming and training had been made, the settlers had cleared the forests and they started to grow more crops rather than raising cattle, they had also organised markets and fairs in the towns where the settlers and the native Irish could sell their crops and they helped to develop trade by building road to link up the towns
By 1640 the settlers had set up over twenty new towns and some of the new developed towns had become large and successful and the others never grew bigger than villages, these new towns were all well planned, the houses were laid out in streets with a square and they were often called the Diamond in the centre and a Protestant Church was usually built nearby
The Problems with the Plantation
This Plantation was more successful than earlier plantations but there were some problems
Religion divided people as the settlers were Protestants and the natives were Catholic, there was also tension between the Anglican English settlers and the Presbyterian Scottish Settlers.
Many of the Undertakers broke their agreements, they didn't build proper defences and many of them took on Gaelic tenants and this meant that there were more Gaelic Irish than Settlers and this was a serious threat to the planters because many of the Gaelic Irish were very bitter about losing their land and they hated the settlers and they often attacked them.