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Climatic effects on Organic Materials (Peat Bogs (nearly all of which…
Climatic effects on Organic Materials
Tropical Climates
The Most destructive climate.
Heavy rains, acid soils, warm temperatures, high humidity, erosion and wealth of vegetation and insect life.
Temperate Climates
Much of Europe and N.America, are also not beneficial, as a rule, to organic materials; their relatively warm but variable temperatures and fluctuating precipitation combine to accelerate the processes of decay.
Waterlogged Environments
Included lakes, swamps, marshes, fens and peat bogs
Materials are sealed in wet and airless environments which favor their preservation as long as water-logging is more or less permanent until the time of excavation.
Materials such as wood, leather, textiles basketry and plant remains would not survive on dry land
Peat Bogs
nearly all of which occur in Northern latitudes, are some of the most important environments for wetland archaeology.
Preserve many tackways, even sometimes with evidence of wooden carts running over them
Bog Bodies
Are undoubtedly the best known finds from the peat bogs of N.W Europe. Most of them date back to the Iron Age.
Discovered with bones and most of the internal organs
Lake-Dwelllings
Abundance of well preserved timber for the study of tree rings (for dating purposes)
Deteriorate rapidly when uncovered
Dry Enviromnents
Decay prevented due to get aridity and dryness through shortage of water
Such as the discovery of bodies near the Nile Valley dating back to the predynastic period
Cold Environments
Natural refrigeration, can hold back the process of decay for thousands of years. Remains of mammoths discovered in permafrost in Siberia.