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Data Methods (Interviews and focus groups - Children ((Shift in…

- - - - Literature providing guidelines haven't kept up. No guidelines for interviews with children
- - - - Very particular about what you want to know and how much you want to know.
      - Difficult because in order to get good data, you have to code and categorise behaviours.
      - Need clearly defined structures
    - - Not good for short term. Have to build a relationship first to gain trust.
      - Because you're embedded in the group, it's very difficult to not become biased.
    - - Don't have a preconceived idea/hypothesis. Your hypothesis/questions come from what you observe.
- - - - Set of similar questions for a group of set respondent
      - Very prepared answers and questions which may appear in the interview
    - - Qualitative
    - - Good if someone needs many answers from the same time from many respondents
      - Promotes discussion?
- - - - Sampling error
      - Frame error
      - Selection error
      - Non-Response errors
      - Measurement errors
    - - What info do you want and from who?
      - Decide what you are wanting to measure/identify
      - Who should be asked?
      - Appropriate data collection methods (ph, email, etc.)
- - - - The basic idea is that before a question is asked in a full-scale survey, testing should be done to find out if respondents can understand it, if they can perform the tasks that it requires, and if the interviewers can and will read it as worded
    - - Useful to examine how the research tool may function and discussion about how well it suits what is wanted
      - Do the words or descriptions proposed in the questions convey consistent meaning, so that respondents have a common understanding of what question they are to answer?
      - However, intensive individual interviews and field pre- tests are necessary to examine some aspects of survey questions that cannot be addressed in a focus group discussion.
      - The great advantage of focus groups is that they are efficient
    - - intensive individual interviews are designed to identify specific problems of comprehension and the response experience.
    - - One of the most promising techniques to improve questions is the systematic coding of interviewer and respondent behaviour during the pretest interview.
        The more often a question needs to be re-read or clarified, the worse it is esentially.
      - When a survey instrument is in near final form, experienced interviewers conduct 15 to 35 interviews with people similar to those who will be respondents in the planned survey.