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Classical Period (Opera (Opera buffa - comic opera (dialogue (recitative…
Classical Period
Opera
began in 1607
Monteverdi
Orfeo
Lully
replaced by Rameau
Opera buffa - comic opera
6 or 7 main characters
full plot
geared toward "ordinary people"
moral backbone
stock characters
dialogue
recitative w/ basso continuo
Arias
galant style - simple idea w/ accompaniment
predominantly in Italy
Opera Seria
serious opera
intermetzo - comedy in the middle
also Italian
Alternates Recitative and Aria
French Opera comique
English ballad opera
everything in english
simplistic songs
kinda silly
response to opera buffa
German Singspiel
translate french and English operas
popular fun opera
Terms
classic - simplicity
galant - French
empfindsam - German
The Enlightenment
Periodicity - you can actually feel where you are at in the music. Phrases can be heard.
Musical rhetoric - creation of musical language
Instrumental Music
Sonata
Sonata Form
Exposition
Principal Theme
Transition
Secondary Theme
Transition
Development
Recapitulation
P t S t again
Coda
A B A form
AKA Binary Form
Symphonies
3 Movements (Fast Slow Fast)
Italy
Giovanni Sammartini is super important
Important Things
Sammartini
Mannheim orchestra
Johann Stamitz
Empfindsam
Sentimental
Sturm und Drang ("storm and stress")
Trinity
Mozart
Beethoven
Haydn
Baroque ends 1750 w/ death of Bach