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Post-Classical Period (Asia (Song Dynasty (Taizu of Song (the founder and…

- - - - an ancient Greek colony on the site that later became Constantinople, and later still Istanbul.
    - - the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire
    - - a narrow, natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in northwestern Turkey
    - - a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period
  - - - a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence
    - - a Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal church, later an imperial mosque in Istanbul, Turkey
    - - a political theory in which the head of state, notably the Emperor is also the supreme head of the church
    - - an ancient Grecian stadium for horse racing and chariot racing
  - - - a Byzantine (East Roman) emperor from 527 to 565
    - - the collections of laws and legal interpretations developed under the sponsorship of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I from ad 529 to 565
    - - the destruction of religious icons and other images or monuments for religious or political motives
- - - - the largest Indo-European ethno-linguistic group in Europe
    - - Nordic seafarers who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central and eastern Europe
    - - an early medieval group of people who gave their name to the lands of Russia, Ruthenia, and Belarus
  - - - a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince.
    - - was a prince of Novgorod, grand prince of Kiev, and ruler of Kievan Rus' from 980 to 1015
    - - was thrice grand prince of Veliky Novgorod and Kiev, uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule
    - - the legal code of Kievan Rus' and the subsequent Rus' principalities during the times of feudal division
- - - - united a large part of Europe during the early Middle Ages and laid the foundations for modern France, Germany and the Low Countries
    - - a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215
    - - nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
    - - the system by which the Lord of the Manor exploited the serfs or tenants who worked his estate, or Fief
  - - - multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806
    - - a nation and ethnic group who speak Hungarian and are primarily associated with Hungary
    - - a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne
    - - a regime of crop rotation that was used in medieval and early-modern Europe
  - - - split within the Roman Catholic Church which lasted from 1378 to 1417
    - - a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by the Medieval knights such as bravery, courtesy, honor and great gallantry toward women
- - - - main role throughout its history was the transport of goods to other places
    - - the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang Province in east China
  - - - contains distinct political and geological boundaries; over time, it protected citizens from political turmoil and gave the region a distinct culture
    - - the network of trade and foreign relations between China and its tributaries, which helped to shape much of East Asian affairs.
    - - system of land ownership and distribution in China used from the Six Dynasties to mid-Tang dynasty
    - - religion[3][4] and dharma that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to the Buddha
  - - - the founder and first emperor of the Song dynasty in China
    - - the process of making paper, a material which is used universally today for writing and packaging
    - - iron was reserved for military use in crafting weapons and armouring troops, but some was used to fashion the many iron products needed to fill the demands of the growing domestic market
        
        iron trade within China was advanced by the construction of new canals, facilitating the flow of iron products from production centres to the large market in the capital city
    - - a movement in religious philosophy derived from Confucianism in China around AD 1000 in response to the ideas of Taoism and Buddhism.
  - - - founded the Yuan dynasty in China as a conquest dynasty in 1271, and ruled as the first Yuan emperor until his death in 1294
    - - Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity
  - - - the founder and first emperor of the Ming dynasty
- - - - city in the Hejaz, and the capital of the Al Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia
    - - the birthplace of Muhammad and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran
    - - a nomadic Arab of the desert.
  - - - polygamy in which a man has more than one wife.
    - - five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life
        
        Shahadah: sincerely reciting the Muslim profession of faith.
        Salat: performing ritual prayers in the proper way five times each day.
        Zakat: paying an alms (or charity) tax to benefit the poor and the needy.
        Sawm: fasting during the month of Ramadan.
        Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca.
    - - building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, in Mecca
    - - central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God
    - - the central figure of Islam and widely regarded as its founder by non-Muslims
  - - - an Islamic term referring to Jews, Christians, and Sabians and sometimes applied to members of other religions such as Zoroastrians
  - - - the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad
    - - the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad
- - - - an individual is considered to belong to the same descent group as her or his mother
    - - the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of most humans in most societies
  - - - the leader of a tribal society or chiefdom
    - - an African kingdom located in west central Africa in what is now northern Angola, Cabinda, the Republic of the Congo, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    - - Numerous kingdoms and empires emerged over the centuries, of which the most powerful was the Kingdom of Ashanti
    - - once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire , and the Songhai Empire
    - - puissant prince and founder of the Mali Empire
    - - the tenth Mansa of the wealthy West African Mali Empire
    - - a ruined city in the south-eastern hills of Zimbabwe near Lake Mutirikwe and the town of Masvingo
  - - - a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals
    - - major food source and a major income source for smallhold farmers
    - - originated from the Kingdom of Kongo which was located on the southern bank of the river
  - - - a medieval Moroccan traveler and scholar
    - - a supportive structure for a rider or other load, fastened to an animal's back by a girth
    - - a man who has been castrated, especially (in the past) one employed to guard the women's living areas at an oriental court.
    - - monolithic churches carved out of rock
    - - a Bantu language widely used as a lingua franca in East Africa and having official status in several countries.
  - - - goods from the East African trade were landed at one of the three main Roman ports, Arsinoe, Berenice or Myos Hormos
    - - West Africa received salt, cloth, beads, and metal goods
    - - the site of a ruined medieval town in south east Mauritania that may have been the capital of the Ghana Empire.
    - - historical and still-inhabited city in the West African nation of Mali