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Clinical Research (Observation (Cohort Study (Closed＝Fixed, Open=Dynamic),…
Clinical Research
Observation
Cohort Study
Closed＝Fixed
Open=Dynamic
Case Control Study
Cross sectional study(横断的）
Incidence rate = Persontime
Variable time at entry
Loss to follow up
Validity
External Validity
Effect modificationがあるばあいは外的妥当性が低い
Internal Validity
理解できていない所
non-differential misclassficationとその反対との差
StandardizationとMatchingの差
Intervention
Clinical Trial
Risk=Cumulative incidence
Competing risks やLoss to follow upの問題をクリアするためにIncidence rateを好んで使われる
Attributable risk=Risk difference -1< <1
Population attributable Risk （PAR）
PAR%
MisclassificationとMeasurement Error
MisscalassficationはDichotomous/categoricalに使ういっぽうで、Measurement ErrorはContinuous Dataに使う
Factual :Exposeがあったから起こる
Counterfactual:Exposeが無かったら時の
Prosepetive VS Retrospective study
Prevalence = Screen shot , proportion.
Effect modification =生物化学的な真の要因にるRDとRRの差でExposeに左右されない
Incidence rate = relative Risk
Confounder
Target Population VS Study Population⇒Source Population