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The New Deal (Negative results (The original policies of the Indian…
The New Deal
Positive results
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John Collier's efforts
Collier tapped into the resources available through other New Deal agencies to build hospitals, schools and irrigation systems on the reservations
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Collier's work sparked an interest in Indian arts and crafts and encouraged women's co-operatives to produce them as an economic venture
Native Americans would become more involved in the work of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (it still remained under federal control though)
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Children were allowed to attend local schools and learn about Native American culture, rather than having Western culture forced on them
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Native Americans still living on reservations were once again led by tribal councils and this helped to encourage tribal loyalties and reassert tribal culture
Federal funds, although inadequate, did support the economic development of Native American communities
Negative results
The original policies of the Indian Reorganization Act were modified so that assimilation, rather than separation, for the Native Americans was pursued
Any improvements that were made as a result of the New Deal were designed to convince the Native Americans of the benefits of assimilation
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The use of the secret ballot among the tribes to see if they accepted the Wheeler-Howard Act was unpopular as they saw the concept of democracy as 'white man's culture'
The improvements were not maintained after WW2 so were, at best, of short-term benefit
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Native Americans who were already part of the allotment system were afraid of losing their land if it was reorganised
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