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Ecology of Socialization (AIMS (Self-concept (Influenced by others/Act as…

- - - - Judged by Rules of others
        
        Understand rules
        
        Self-evaluation
        
        Self-concept
        
        Reflects attitudes of others
    - - Family
      - Friends
      - Teachers
      - Coaches
    - - Incorporated standards of others into self-description
    - - Infancy: Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth - 1)
        
        Early Childhood: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (2-3)
        
        Play Age: Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5)
        
        School Age: Industry vs. Inferiority (6-Puberty)
        
        Adolescence: Identity vs. Identity Diffusion (Puberty-18+)
        
        Young Adulthood: Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-Middle Adulthood)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Achievement
        
        Foreclosure
        
        Moratorium
        
        Searching Moratorium
        
        Diffusion
        
        Learned Helplessness?
        
        Z of P D (Vygotsky)
  - - - Shifts from external socializing agents to internal, self-induced mechanisms
        
        Control
        
        Emotions
        
        Thoughts
        
        Behavior
  - - - Goals
      - Adult influence - Bruner's Scaffolding
  - - - Success in Groups/Roles/Appropriate behavior
        
        Child
        
        Teacher
        
        Friend
  - - - Socially
      - Emotionally
      - Cognitively
    - - Differ from society to society
- - - - Orientation: Collectivistic <--> Individualistic
      - Coping Style: Active <--> Passive
      - Attitude toward Authority: Submissive <--> Egalitarian
      - Communication Style: Open/Expressive <--> Restrained/Private
  - - - Educational philosophy
      - Classroom management
      - Childcare is more and more important
- - - - Positive
        
        Reward, pleasant consequence
      - Negative
        
        Termination of an unpleasant condition
    - - gradual disappearance
    - - painful stimuli or withdrawal of pleasant stimuli
    - - evaluative information
        
        Generally increases motivation & subsequent performance
    - - Self-efficacy
  - - - Imitative learning
  - - - Transductive
        
        based on appearance rather than logic
      - Inductive
        
        Move from specific to general
      - Deductive
        
        Move from general to specific
- - - - Interactive Factors
        
        Natural disasters
        
        War
        
        Maltreatment
        
        Stress
        
        Temperament
      - Sociological Factors
        
        Experience-dependent
        
        neural connections that develop in response to experience
      - Biological Factors
        
        Experience-expectant
        
        neural connections that develop under genetic influence