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Vital Signs (Pulse (Step 1: Use the index and middle fingers., Step 2: …
Vital Signs
Pulse
Step 1: Use the index and middle fingers.
Step 2: Move fingers to the arteries on the wrist.
Step 3: Press firmly on arteries until you feel a pulse.
Step 4: Count your pulse for 30 seconds and then multiply that number by two.
Is the number of times your heart beats.
Normal pulse is 60-100 bpm.
Temperature
Orally
By ear
Rectally
Is the temperature of your body.
Axillary
By skin
Blood Pressure
Is the force of blood pushing against the artery wall.
Measured with blood pressure cuff and stethoscope, by a nurse usually.
Two numbers are recorded when measured.
Systolic pressure : higher number
Diastolic pressure: lower number
Normal blood pressure is 120 over 80.
Respiratory Rate
Is the number of breathes you take per minute.
Measured when person is at rest.
Counts the number of breaths.
Normal respiratory rate for adults: 12-20 breaths/minute.
Nutrition and Healthy Choices
Nutrients
Carbohydrates
The main source for fuelling the body, most importantly the brain and for physical activity.
Lipids
Important source of energy during rest or low intensity exercise. Provide fat-soluble vitamins and fatty acids, which is needed for the body to function properly.
Proteins
Important for building cells and tissues, maintaining bones, regulating metabolism, and are an important source of nitrogen.
Vitamins
Can aid enzymes needed to catalyse energy producing reactions. Organic molecules that help regulate body processes are to ensure healthy vision, support immune system, and maintain healthy bones and tissues.
Minerals
They are required for body processes to occur and have physiological functions, for example, fluid regulation, energy production, and muscle movement.
Water
Essential for survival. Involved in body processes such as, nerve impulse, body temperature, removal of waste, and muscle contractions.
What are nutrients?
Are the chemicals in foods, that support growth, maintenance, and repair of tissues used by the body.