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Child Care and Development (Treating Infertility (Unhealthy or no eggs =…
Child Care and Development
Contraceptives
Hormonal
Prevents egg development, ovulation, or fertilization/implantation.
Examples: IUS (intraterine system), birth control pill, progesterone patch, nuva ring.
Barrier
Prevents egg and sperm from coming into contact or physically prevents implantation.
IUD, condom, diaphragm, sponge + spermicide.
Permanent
Surgical.
Vasectomy, tubal ligation.
Professionals Involved in Childbirth
Maternal Fetal Medicine Specialist
Focus on high-risk pregnancies.
Family Doctor
Offers care through all stages of life, but if there is a complicated birth, they will contact specialists for consultation.
Obstetrician
Specialize is care during pregnancy and birth.
Midwive
Will be present the whole time and is the only option for home brith.
Treating Infertility
Unhealthy or no eggs = egg donor
Unhealthy or no sperm = sperm donor
Difficulty with fertilization, oviduct healthy, still healthy sperm eggs = GIFT (gamete intrafallopian)
Blocked oviduct, still healthy sperm and eggs = IVF (in vitro fertilization
Woman has healthy eggs, but not ovulating properly
Woman repeatedly loses the pregnancy within the first month = progesterone supplements help maintain early pregnancy
Childbirth
Premature Labour
Before 37 weeks
Call caregiver if any signs arise such as:
Bad cramps
Bleeding, tickling, or gushing of fluid from vagina
Contractions
Huge change in baby's movements
Increase amount of vaginal discharge
Labour
Established labour may begin with contractions that:
Gets steadily stronger
Makes the uterus grow harder
Contraction are between 30-70 seconds long
Two main signs:
Pinkish mucus discharged from vagina, which is a mucous plug that blocks the cervix during pregnancy.
Contractions
Coping with the Pain
Relaxation
Massage
Breathing Techniques
Positions
Medications
Narcotic Drugs
An epidural
Stages of Labour
Early Labour
Active Labour
Transition
Birth
After the Birth
Common Interventions during birth:
Episotmy
Electronic Fetal Monitoring
Forceps/Vaccuum Extraction
Induction/Augmentation
Caesarean Section
Child Development
Four areas used to examine child's development:
Gross motor development
Fine motor development
Speech and language development
Social and adaptive development
Trimesters
Third Trimester
Week 28 - birth
Systems are mostly developed.
Second Trimester
Week 13-27
First Trimester
Week 1 - week 12
Most system development and cell differentiation occurs.
Fertilization and Fetal Development
Fertilization
When two gametes go through the process of fertilizing an egg to fuse forming a zygote and develops into a new organism.
Fetal Development
4 months
Fetus kicks legs and moves arms, and skin develops.
5 months
rate of growth slows down. Fine hair develops and fetus can suck its thumb.
3 months
Face is clearer, first signs of the sex of the fetus appear, and the excretory system rapidly develops.
6 months
Fetus moves more and eyes are open.
7 months
Fetus is fully developed but not enough fat cells to control body temperature. Large changes in weight and length happen.
8 and 9 months
Organ systems complete development and fat cells form on body.
Baby is born.
2 months
Embryo has large head with a brain and facial features. Fingers and toes appear, embryo is called a fetus.
1 month
Heart begins to beat, nervous and digestive systems are formed, and eyes and ears are visible.
1st day/7 days
1st day
Egg cell and sperm combine forming single cell.
At day 7
Group of cells attach to uterine lining, is called an embryo.
Menstrual Cycle
4 stages:
Flow Phase
Day 1-7
Triggered by a drop in progesterone
Blood vessels feeding the endometrium pull back
Endometrium is shed
Follicular Phase
Day 8-13
Ovualtion
Day 14
Caused by LH releasing
The egg is released.
Luteal Phase
Day 15-28
Lh converts empty follicle into a corpus luteum.
Corpus luteum releases progesterone.
If pregnancy occurs, progesterone rises, maintaining early pregnancy.
If pregnancy does not occur
Is the monthly series of changes a woman's body experiences and goes through in preparation of possibly getting pregnant.