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Cell Replication (MEIOSIS (creates 4 haploid daughter cells, makes gamates…
Cell Replication
MEIOSIS
creates 4 haploid daughter cells
makes gamates (4 sperm and 1 egg)
problems can lead to birth defects
occurs twice
in first division (anaphase 1) homologous chromosomes pull apart
in second division (anaphase II) sister chromatids pull apart
gametes have 23 chromosomes each
genetic recombination and crossing over ONLY HAPPEN IN MEIOSIS
MITOSIS
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creates 2 daughter diploid cells
the process of making somatic body cells for growth and repair
problems can lead to cancer
division of the cell's nucleus
occurs once
46 chromosomes
interphase
DNA copies, cell grows (before PMAT starts)
longest phase of the cell cycle
cells prepares for mitosis
cytokinesis
cytoplasm divides and organelles split up and happens after PMAT
two new cells
not part of mitosis
telophase
two new nuclei and nuclear membranes reappear
in animal cells pinching in of the cell membrane (cleavage furrow) takes place
prophase
MITOSIS: sister chromatids pair up
metaphase
chromosomes line up in the middle
anaphase
chromosomes (sister chromatids) pull apart
