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value judgements (judgement = a conclusion reached through reasoning (is…
value judgements
judgement = a conclusion reached through reasoning
is using reason a mark of a 'good' person
yes
no - you can be instinctively good
can have an 'evil' judgement based on reasoning
judgements based on values -
#
Should it involve fairness?
is fairness the same as equality?
from each ...to each
utilitarian reasoning
Should it involve justice?
is justice about being treated equally
is justice the same as fairness?
has to be done within a moral framework
what if your moral framework is dodgy? (Huck Finn)
Do we need more than reason?
empathy? Common Humanity?
the word judgement includes the notion of reason
are they important in themselves? If they stay in our head do they matter?
only meaningful when they lead to action?
#
reactive attitudes
may poison us, even if they are not externalised / put into action
action
we can judge people by what they do
types of action
value rationality
So - is this the key? MORE RESEARCH NEEDED HERE!
affective action
not a value judgement using the criteria of reasoning
traditional action
not a VJ using either criteria - rasoned or moral framework / values
rational action
not a VJ using the criteria of values
Is it "fair" to include actions in a judgement?
intent?
can we ever know another's true intentions?
is outcome more important than intent?
#
there might be an outcome we cannot see
personal characteristics
we can judge people by what they are
I 'judge' that this person is worth offering 1:1 / giving a liver transplant / saving from Syria
What personal characteristics do we value?
potential?
goodness?
innocence?
usefulness?
past contributions?
Is it 'fair' to include personal characteristics in a judgement?
what is fairness?
*sound judgements are formed through a critical dialogue between reason and values