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Gunnkenningar - Barnard (The "four fields" approach (biological…
Gunnkenningar - Barnard
Anthropological paradigms // Viðmið, heildarsýn (t.d. þróun). - Innan heildarsýnar eru ismar/hyggjur (t.d. þróunarhyggja) - Innan hyggna eru mismunandi kenningar (t.d. hvernig þróun átti sér stað).
The notion of a paradigm
theoretical perspective - grand theory - theoretical framework (a broad way of looking at the world) - cosmology (if it is attributed to a "traditional" culture) - paradigm (if it is attributed to Western scientists). (7)
Thomas Kuhn
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according to Kuhn paradigms are large theories which contain within them smaller theories. - when smaller theories no longer make sense of the world, then a crisis occurs (at least in the national sciences). Such a crisis eventually results in either the overthrow of a paradigm or incorporation of it, as a special case, into a newer and larger one. (bls. 7-8)
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Theory and ethnography
Theory and ethnography merge into one. Theory without ethnography is meaningless, since the understanding of cultural difference is one of the most important goals of anthropological enquiry (bls.5).
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Perspectives // They compete because they offer different explanations of the same thing: how cultures change. Yet both part of the same grand theory: the theory of social change.*
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