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Classical period (600BCE-600CE) PT.2 (political(Qin) (Qin Shihuangdi…
Classical period (600BCE-600CE) PT.2
Qin Dynasty (220BCE-206BCE)
Social
LIFE STYLE
the Mandate of Heaven
Chinese believed heavens would provide them with a ruler who would establish a family line
a dynasty who would rule until its leaders displeased the powers in heaven
political(Qin)
Revolts
the Warring States Period
warlords fighting for power of China, until 220 BCE
Political structure
emperor Qin Shihuangdi organized the now unify nation into military districts
each district have one official that run it are educated men
Organized the empire into military districts, one official per district
Qin Shihuangdi
returned China to dynastic rule with both diplomatic skill and military ruthlessness
Legalism
Established a clear chain of command
Clear rules of bureaucratic etiquette
Severe punishments for crimes
least like emperor(viewed as a cruel tyrant
Imposed a tax on landowners
only educated men as officials to run his government
Censored and burned books, people couldn't write about the past
United much of the nation under one strong government
Interaction
Human/environment
Great wall of China
Built in northern China to prevent attacks from the nomadic groups up north
Connected a series of walls that already existed
Took several years and over 300,000 Chinese peasants thousands died
Stretches over 4,000 miles
Human/Environment
using force labor to dig canals and build roads
Culture
technology/innovation
Created a universal system of weights and measures
Standardized coins, created a uniform writing system and set up a law code throughout China
Han Dynasty(206BCE-220CE)
Social
Social classes
emperor is on top of the social class and have all the power in the dynasty
Political
Forms of government
the central government was a combination of federal structures and central bureaucracy
each emperor had three councils of state they were called the Chancellor over the masses, Imperial Counselor, and the Grand Commander
Gained power through a mix of diplomacy, trade and military
political structures
Talented, intelligent people were appointed to government job, not family. Given tests to see if they were qualified
Civil service system was created that allowed anyone to attain public service
favor the wealthy because education is expensive
Economic
Trade,Commerce
trade mainly silk with the Europeans for items they couldn’t grow or manufacture
Interaction
Human/Environment
Han dynasty have created the Great Wall of China to protect themselves from the Huns
Began canal digging projects that linked north and south China, to help trade of grain to the south and rice to the north, and aided in the movement of people
fed its population by storing grain during times of plenty and selling it when harvests were poor. During Pax Sinica
Cultual
innovation/Technolgy
Silk
Paper
Printed books
Suspension bridge
Compass
Gunpowder
Iron drill bits
Wheelbarrow
More technologically advanced that Rome
medicine
Complex irrigation systems
Advancements in fertilizing crops
New canals
Better roadways
Economic
Trade, Commerce
Exchange trade with the Roman Empire using the silk roads trading rice, grain, and silk
capital
Roughly as large and as wealthy as the Roman Empire
Mauryan empire(321BCE-185BCE)
social
social class
social classes was ased of the rigde cast system
political
political structure
Leader
Asoka
Hindu who built empire through bloody conquest
Converted to a peaceful life under Buddhism
Promoted spread of Buddhist missionaries into East and Southeast Asia
Ruled in a manner considered kindly for the time
Despite his efforts, India remains predominantly Hindu
war/military
a bloody war with the kalinga people, made Asoka change his ways
interaction
location/Region
Stretched from modern Pakistan almost to the southern end of modern India
Culture
Religion
Both Budddhism and Jainism rejected the caste system
Hinduism and Buddhism were against violence
Hinduism and Buddhism except the idea of Karma
philosophy
"all men are my children"
Gupta Empire(320 CE – c 550 CE)
Interaction
location/region
Covered northern half of India
Culture
innovation/technolgy
Zero
Arabic numerals
Chess
Medical advances
Economic
trade,commerce
trade with the Greek's out west and within the large empire
Capital/money
merchant's brought taxes and wealth to the empire