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Airway management (indications (anatomy abn (trauma, tumour, infection,…
Airway management
indications
obstruction
lose mm tone
anatomy abn
trauma
tumour
infection
metabolic
congenital
degenerative
Autoimmune
airway reflexes lost
unable to ventilate - unconscious
Anaesthesia
Equipment
ETT
Suction
laryngeal mask and oral airway
Anaesthetic machine
Laryngoscope+ blad
Failed airway Mx
Hypoventilation
Pneumonia
Obstruction
Hypoxia
Fx of airway
ventilation (air flow)
protection (cough/swallow)
speech
methods
translaryngeal (ETT)
Size 8/9 in men
size 7/8 in women
can be through mouth/nose
pre-oxygenate
check placement
capnogram
pulse oximeter
equal chest rise
moisture in tube
auscultate epigastrium and axilla
Supraglottic - create and maintain but do not protect airway
emergency airway
cannot intubate cannot ventilate
irritant
coughing
vomiting
laryngospasm
aspiration
C/I
Regurgitation risk
out of reach airway
other than supine
restricted mouth opening
distorted upper airway
methods
nasopharyngeal
laryngeal mask
Guedel
I-gel
Face mask
oxygenate in hypoxic pt
pre-oxygenate before induction
assisted manual ventilation during induction
spontaneous/assisted ventilation during short ops
complications if done incorrectly
regurgitation
aspiration
stomach inflation
poor ventilation
if done correctly
Chest rise
Capnogram- ventilation
pulse oximeter- oxygenation
transtracheal (surgical)
cricothyroidotomy
tracheotomy
anatomy
upper airway (above vocal chords)
lower airway (below C 6)
physiology
Motor Fx
sensory Fx
monitoring
pulse oximetry
capnograph
Priorities
Protection
Patency
pharmacology