Restoration,liberalism and nationalism
Restoration
liberalism
nationalism
revival of the Ancien regime and absolute monarchy after defeat napoleon
ideology originating in the Enlightenment, wich emphasises liberty
ideology which supports the right of people who define themselves as nations to establish their own independent states
Europe between 1815-1870
Defeat of Napoleon (1815)
absolute monarchy and Ancien regime restored in France
United states expanded its frontiers
Cultural developments in architecture
Congress of Viena
Meeting of leaders of European states
Restoration of absolute monarchy
Changes to Europe's borders
Two alliances to enforce the agreements and support the monarchs in event of revolution
Revolutions of the 19th century
Reactions to the restoration of the Ancien regime
There were two political ideologies
Liberalism
Nationalism
Origins in the enlightenment ideas, emphasises individual freedoms
Key principles
National soverignty, constitutional monarchy, separation of powers, limited suffrage, freedom of association, expresion and religion
Moderate liberals and radical or progressive liberals
Defended the right of people who defined themselves as nations
Key principles
National sovereignty,form of goverment, independent nation-states and repopulation
Democracy
People have the right to participate in politics
Express the demand of the middle and working classes
Key principles
National sovereignty, opposition to monarchy, universal manhood suffrage, Political parties should defend the rights of the middle working classes
1820: Portugal and Spain
1830: France and Belgium
1848: France, Austrian empire, German confederation and Italy
US during the 19th: the US consolidated itself as a sovereign nation, west ward expansion: population increased wars against native americans