Restoration,liberalism and nationalism

Restoration

liberalism

nationalism

revival of the Ancien regime and absolute monarchy after defeat napoleon

ideology originating in the Enlightenment, wich emphasises liberty

ideology which supports the right of people who define themselves as nations to establish their own independent states

Europe between 1815-1870

Defeat of Napoleon (1815)

absolute monarchy and Ancien regime restored in France

United states expanded its frontiers

Cultural developments in architecture

Congress of Viena

Meeting of leaders of European states

Restoration of absolute monarchy

Changes to Europe's borders

Two alliances to enforce the agreements and support the monarchs in event of revolution

Revolutions of the 19th century

Reactions to the restoration of the Ancien regime

There were two political ideologies

Liberalism

Nationalism

Origins in the enlightenment ideas, emphasises individual freedoms

Key principles

National soverignty, constitutional monarchy, separation of powers, limited suffrage, freedom of association, expresion and religion

Moderate liberals and radical or progressive liberals

Defended the right of people who defined themselves as nations

Key principles

National sovereignty,form of goverment, independent nation-states and repopulation

Democracy

People have the right to participate in politics

Express the demand of the middle and working classes

Key principles

National sovereignty, opposition to monarchy, universal manhood suffrage, Political parties should defend the rights of the middle working classes

1820: Portugal and Spain

1830: France and Belgium

1848: France, Austrian empire, German confederation and Italy

US during the 19th: the US consolidated itself as a sovereign nation, west ward expansion: population increased wars against native americans