NG: Joint Planning

Concepts

Operational
Planning at the operational level of war determines WHAT we will affect, with WHAT courses of action, in WHAT order, for WHAT duration, and with WHAT RESOURCES.

Tactical
he tactical level of air, space, and cyberspace warfare deals with how forces are employed, and the specifics of how engagements are conducted. Tactics are concerned with the unique employment
of force, so application defines this level. In short, the tactical level of war deals with HOW we fight.

References

Strategic
The strategic level
of war addresses the issues of WHY and WITH WHAT we will fight and WHY the
enemy fights against us.

Master Air Attack Plan
A plan that contains key information that forms the foundation of the joint air tasking order. Sometimes referred to as the air employment plan or joint air tasking order shell. Information that may be found in the plan includes joint force commander guidance, joint force air component commander guidance, support plans, component requests, target update requests, availability of capabilities and forces, target information from target lists, aircraft allocation, etc. Also called MAAP. See also air attack; target. (JP 3-60)

Issue: APS MAAP does not look like AOCs (J. McDonnell, 1/15/17)

Fires
The use of weapon systems or other actions to create specific lethal or nonlethal effects on a target. (Approved for incorporation into JP 1-02.)
JP 3-09, Joint Fire Support

Needs

Share plans shared outside of the GC system horizontally to organizations involved in strategic/operational level planning and vertically to organizations involved in tactical planning

Exposure of GC-produced/managed strategic and operational level plans to tactical planners

Consumption of externally produced plans by GC (1) to provide detail on how stategic/operational plans were implemented by the tactical planner (2) or to provide tactical "living plans" that can be adapted and incorporated into new COAs

Create capability to extract GC data to be exposed as Linked Mission Data

Query Linked Mission Data to be incorporated into crisis action plan, deliberate plan, order, or dashboard

Types of targets

High-Payoff Target
A target whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly COA. (JP-360, Joint Targeting)

Principles of Targeting

Focused
Achieve objectives within parameters set by CONOPS, operational limitations w/i plans and orders, rules of engagement (ROE), law of war, and agreements concerning sovereignty of national territories

Effects-Based
Desired effects with least risk and least expenditure of time and resources

Interdisciplinary
Participation from all elements of the joint force commander's (JFC) staff, component commander's staff, other agencies, departments, organizations, and multinational partners

Systematic
Create effects in a systematic manner; Rational and iterative process that methodically analyzes, prioritizes, and assigns assets against targets systematically

High Value Target
A target that the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission. (JP 3-60, Joint Targeting

Time-Sensitive Target
JFC-validated target(s) of such high importance to the accomplishment of the JFC's mission and objectives, or that presents such a significant strategic or operational threat to friendly forces or allies, that the JFC dedicates intelligence collection and engagement assets, or is willing to divert assets away from other targets in order to find, fix, track, target, engage, and assess it.
Component commanders may nominate TSTs to JFC

Component-Critical Target
Targets recommended to JFC as a TST by the component commander but not approved by JFC that may still require dynamic execution with cross-component coordination and assistance in a time-compressed fashion

Categories of Targeting

Deliberate Targeting
Supports the joint force's future operations effort, which is overseen by the operations directorate of a joint staff (J3)

Dynamic Targeting
Employed in current operations planning because the nature and time frame associated with current operations (usually the current 24-hour period) typically requires more immediate responsiveness than is achieved in deliberate targeting.

Categories of Targets

Planned Targets
Known to exist in the operational environment with engagement actions scheduled against them

Schedule Targets
Prosecuted at specific times

On-call Targets
Have actions planned but not for a specific delivery time

Targets of Opportunity
Meet criteria to achieve to achieve objectives but were not selected for action during the current joint targeting cycle

Unplanned Targets
Known targets included on a target list but not selected for engagement because the target was not nominated, was nominated but did not make the joint integrated prioritized list (JIPTL), or was not expected to be available for engagement within the target cycle.

Unanticipated Targets
Unknown or not expected to be present in operation environment; not on a target list

Joint Targeting Cycle

Phase 1 - The End State and Commander's Objectives

Phase 2 - Target Development and Prioritization

Phase 3 - Capabilities Analysis

Phase 4 - Commander's Decision and Force Assignment

Phase 5 - Mission Planning and Force Execution

Phase 6 - Targeting Assessment