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Breast Pathology (Identify the most common and second most common types of…

Breast Pathology (Identify the most common and second most common types of invasive breast cancer to be invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma, respectively, Explain the concept of sentinel node in breast cancer + indicate how the status of the axillary sentinel node affects the management of the axilla and patient's prognosis, Breast Cancer, Describe the triple assessment approach to investigation of a breast lump, Describe the pathology of fibrocystic change and fibroadenoma, Describe the important prognostic factors for invasive breast cancer (tumor grade, stage, ER status, HER2 status, completeness of excision), Paget's Disease: rare manifestation of breast CA
disease affecting the skin of nipple and areola
malignant cells/Paget cells extend from DCIS within ductal system via lactiferous sinuses and they reach nipple skin without crossing the BM
potential spreading to surrounding skin
Clinical features:

erythematous eruption
scaling and flaking of skin
main clinical DD- eczema of nipple

thickened, eczematoid crusted lesion with irregular borders.
(c) Scaly, erythematous, crusty pigmentation and thickened plaques on the nipple, spreading to the surrounding areolar areas.
(d) Advanced lesions show skin thickening, redness, erythema, erosion of the nipple and scaling around the nipple–areola., Describe important risk factors for developing breast cancer, Explain how DCIS is a precursor (precancer) of invasive breast cancer and outline how its detection is a key aim of the breast screening programme )