Chapter 2

Greese

political

Rome

Persia

Phoenicia

Spartiians

Athens

Democracy arose in the 5th centrury

Sparta and Athens were similar in many political ways

males were able to be in gov.

highly militaristic society

Economic Charastics

Greek farmers depended on the little rain. Farmers were part time soldiers

Planted barley,olive trees, and grapevines

Natural resources : marble, clay traded for timber, gold, iron,copper, tin, and grain

Social

Social distance between citizens and non-citizens

Athens

Sparta

Most Athens were farmers. Distinctions between the common people and aristocrats

Citizens were outnumbered 10 to 1. To maintain equality Spartans wore simple clothing

Cultural

Greeks were polytheistic

educated Athens did not believe in Greek gods

Greeks developed,drama,lyric poetry, and "classical" architecture

Economic

Social

Political

Cultural

Political

Economic

Social

Cultural

Etruscan came to Italy in 800 BCE

Under the Republic form of government, not a democracy even though ruled as a monarch

Most important ruling body is the senate

Law of the Twelve Tables

Pax Romana

Early Rome economy resembled Geece

Oldest living male, "paterfamilias" had complete authority over family

Economic

Social

Political

Cultural

made the auction

relied on trade

Three social classes- king ,freedmen, servants

slaves

government of kings

war with roman and greeks

first alphabet

interaction with other countries

ran by kings and priests

Zoroastrian, polythestic

Persian wars- fought against sparta

in center of trade

Cyrus the great warrior king

military leadership

satraps left citizens to own custom and laws