Geography
Key Terms - Other
Impermeable is soil or rock which does not allow water to pass through e.g clay
Deposition is the laying down of material in the landscape
Backwash is the flow of water back into the sea after a wave has broken on a beach
Longshore drift is the process is when beach material is moved up and down along the beach
*Landforms
Caves are formed when Hydraulic action makes the wave cut notch collapse
Slumping is the gradual collapsing of a hillside under its own weight
Arches are formed when the cave eventually breaks through the landform
Stacks are formed when an arch collapses
Stumps are formed when the stack collapses
Wave cut notches are formed when the water gets into the cracks of a cliff and widen them
Unconsolidated is when the sediments of the rock are not 'stuck' together properly
Fetch is the distance the wind has blew to create waves
Key Terms - Engineering
Engineering
Hard Engineering (Structures that prevent flooding which is caused by the sea)
Groynes aee built to check erosion and drifting
Sea Walls are built to absorb wave energy from the sea and to protect buildings and the land from erosion
Revetments are built to take the full force of wave energy
Rock Armour is built to protect coastlines and prevent erosion
Gabions are built to control erosion
Soft Engineering (Promoting natural systems such as beached and salt marshes which protect the coast) e.g planting trees
Key Terms - Erosion
Types of Erosion (Erosion is the wearing away of land)
Abrasion is the erosion or the wearing away of the landscape.
Attrition is where rocks smash against each other making them smaller and more rounded
Corrosion is the wearing away of the landscape by chemical processes such as a solution
Hydraulic Action is when water and air are forced into gaps in the rock or soil
Retreat is the gradual backwards movement of a landformdue to erosion