HOW DID EXPLORATION AND THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE RESHAPE THE WORLD
DAP Vocap
The Encomienda System 
The consequences of the Columbian Exchange
Cortez and Pizarro
conquistador
columbian exchange
middle passage
encomienda system
Was a socioeconomic institution (An institution the consists in the delivery of lands and Indians living in them to the conquistadors)
Was widespread transfer of animals, plants.....ideas between the America and Afro-Eurasian
People who win a territory, a population,a position and therefore ,directed the empires to which they belonged
Stage of the triangular trade
how did they overthrow the Aztecs and Inca?
Legacy of conquistador on New Spain(the Americans)
Justification of the encomienda system compared to reality of the encomienda system
How is slavery related to the Encomienda system?
Exaplin the extructure of the encomienda system -(tributes, conquistadors)
plants- give specific examples
Animals-give specific examples- possibly define and explain invasive species
Effects of the columbian exchange on the American Natives -how do you think the middle passage relate to slavery?
PIZARRO
CORTEZ
Cortés was appointed commander of an expedition. The expedition’s purpose was to establish colonies, foreign cities controlled by Spain’s government, on the maindland .Cortés drilled and trained his soldiers in preparation for conquest. He was so determined to conquer new lands in pursuit of wealth. marched inland toward Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire. Cortés regrouped his forces and launched a new attack,first conquered the areas surrounding the city. The deceases loss of life weakened the Aztec forces and made it easier for the smaller Spanish forces to conquer the city. In 1521, the Spanish forces destroyed Tenochtitlan and built a capital, called Mexico City, on its ruins.
A smallpox epidemic It had spread through the Inca empire. Estimates suggest smallpox killed millions of Inca. As a result, the Inca Empire was already weakened when Pizarro’s conquistadors clashed with Atahualpa.In part, this allowed Pizarro to seize control of the capital and the entire Inca Empire.
similarities/differences between the conquering of the Aztecs and Inca.
Similarities
Differences
1.Both were conquered by Spain.
The conquests were carried out by different people.(Aztec by Herman Cortes, Inca by Francisco Pizarro)
2.Diseases helped the Spaniards to make it easier to conquer.
1492 changed the Americas forever. Over the course of the next 350 years, Spain ruled a vast empire based on the labor and exploitation of the Indian population. Conquistadors descended on America with hopes of bringing Catholicism to new lands while extracting great riches.
the encomienda system, prominent Spaniards were entrusted with native communities. In exchange for native labor and tribute, the Spanish lord would provide protection and education. In reality, however, the encomienda system was thinly-masked slavery and led to some of the worst horrors of the colonial era.The encomienda system had been used in feudal Spain during the reconquest and had survived in some form ever since. In the Americas, the first encomiendas were handed out by Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean.
Personal service, in which indigenous labor was exploited through shifts of work in mining and agricultural works. Many haciendas and estates were worked from Indians sent to instances of the obligations imposed by the work assignment. This dynamics was particularly intense towards the beginning of the 17th century, after the exhaustion of the gold extracted from laundries on the banks of rivers and marshes of the central zone, such as the Marga-Marga.
The encomienda was a socioeconomic institution through which a group of individuals had to reciprocate another in work, species or otherwise, to enjoy a good or a benefit that they had received. The institution of the clientele was established in the Roman Europe from the low Empire until the beginning of the Modern Age. Thus, there was a relationship of dependence by which the stronger gave protection to the weakest in exchange for committing to keep fidelity and deliver certain services.The encomienda in New Spain was first introduced by Hernán Cortés after the conquest of Tenochtitlan as a way to "distribute" the Indians ... The tribute was initially very varied, and included cotton blankets, maize, forage.Indigenous tribes in kind (which could be metals, clothing or food such as corn, wheat, fish or chickens) were collected by the cacique of the indigenous community, who was in charge of taking him to the encomendero.
There was an abundance of new plants discovered in the Americas (including beans, squash, chili peppers, sunflowers, chenopods, peanuts, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, manioc, avocado, pineapple, and cocoa), but the two most important were potato and Maize
The Columbian Exchange brought horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and a collection of other useful species to the Americas. Before Columbus, Native American societies in the high Andes had domesticated llamas and alpacas, but no other animals weighing more than 45 kg (100 lbs).
The Middle Passage refers to the part of the trade where Africans, densely packed onto ships, were transported across the Atlantic to the West Indies. The voyage took three to four months and, during this time, the enslaved people mostly lay chained in rows on the floor of the hold or on shelves that ran around the inside of the ships' hulls.
The shelves were under a metre high and often the enslaved Africans could not sit up. There could be up to more than six hundred enslaved people on each ship. Captives from different nations were mixed together, so it was more difficult for them to talk and plan rebellions. Women and children were held separately.