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HISTORY OF ARTS AND CULTURE
A Coggle Diagram about Renaissance and Mannerism in Italy, Early 20th century (Modernism: artist becomes the innovator and art -the innovation. Desire for renewal. From perception to conception, end of the Belle Epoque, universal exhibition in Paris, 2nd Industrial Revolution: electricity, radios, ariplanes. Prosperity and anxiety, new technologies change lifes, nationalism: emphasis on fraternity, imperialism: Western countries run the world, Europe- superior, new perceptions of reality: Einstein, Nietzsche, Freud and literature: stream of consciousness: Joyce, Woolf and Kafka), Baroque (counter-reformation in Rome: to counter the mannerist style;(Council of Trent) increase understanding + realism + arouse piety and religious fervour, characteristics: emotions, realism, theatricality, drama, movement., Italy => theatrical, opulent, sensual, Holland => colours, senses, emotions, composition) and France => classicism, arts as propaganda for absolutist policies), 18th Century (Enlightenment: reason not religion, scientific knowledge, freedom, equality, rational humanism, universal things., Revolutions: Industrial, Scientific, Political. Consequences: emergence of open art market, guilds were abolished, decline of patronage, Rococo: style of the elite, theatrical but sweet; intrigue, fantasy; world of pleasure. and Neoclassicism: inspired by antiquity, return to Italian Renaissance and French Classicism (Poussin) Against Rococo.), Romanticism (artist as genius; originality of the artwork, subjective experience and emotion, growing interest in the exotic, sublime in nature, painting: landscape painting, literature: Rousseau, Goethe, Blake and importance of emotions and imagination, fatalistic and retrospective attitude towards life, origin of humanities, spiritualism, noumenal world), Post-Modernism and Contemporary Art, Northern Renaissance (interest in Greek + Roman antiquity, portrauture, reality, Christian humanism, secular themes,genre painting, reformation (indulgences, Luther's 95 theses, Calvin, Erasmus) and influence on arts:iconoclasm, new themes replace religious ones, condemnation of worshipping Saints and Mary), Contemporary Art, late 1970s and now, WW2 and Cold War (the discoveries of what had been done to the people in concentration camps + atomic bomb use destroyed hope in humanity. Cold war destroys the belief in progress as a joyful thing, philosophy: existentialism, combination of literature and philosophy. Existence comes before essence. Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone De Beauvoir., Abstract expressionism: USA business card. Action painting, colorfield painting and hardege painting and Neo-DADA: figurative art in the Anglo-Saxon world, playing with high art and low culture.), Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, WW1 and mid 20th century, New Utopia's (Russian Avant-Garde and De Stilj: simplicity, clarity and peace. Harmony through abstract forms. Precision , abstraction and purity, but innovative translation.) and Realism (depiction of non-idealized reality, confronts the reality of modern society, no romantic glorification, social realism and literature: Balzac, Emile Zola)