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Love 8 (Factors that increase liking (Proximity ( physical closeness) …

Love 8 (Factors that increase liking, Articles, Genes
Fertility (near ovulation+ short term mate--> competitive man
long-term mate--> good father, financially successful)
Women: hourglass figure (fertility, youthfulness, good health)
--> men wan to spread genes
Men: Broad shoulders
ability to invest& protect
-->women have higher parental commitment= more careful in choosing mate, Averageness effect ( we prefer average faces over ones with distinctive features)
Face similarity, Cultural stereotypes:
Big five personality dimensions used regardless of culture
Differences
Individualistic cultures preferred: assertive, dominant, strong characteristics
Collective cultures preferred: empathic, generous, sensitive, honest characteristics, Attraction& Rewards
reinforcement-affect model
people that (unconsciously) reward us with a positive feeling are liked
people that( unconsciously) punish us with a negative feeling are disliked
--> even accidentally associated background stimuli influence our evaluation, Relationship as social exchange
Social exchange:
weighing up cost and rewards before deciding what to do [more in friendship than in love]
Cost-reward ratio:
Minimax strategy (minimise costs, maximise rewards--> profit)
Comparison level
standard we develop overtime from past relationships and judge new encounters on
Equity theory:

mutual exchange of resources
an exchange where limited resources must be distributed
--> ratio of inputs and outcomes have to be seen as the same by both partners

, Attachment: -need to affiliate ( urge to form connections& make contact with other people)
-connection between feeling isolated& feeling anxious --> social comparison can reduce anxious feelings
Attachment styles
nature of peoples close relationship, thought to be established in childhood

secure--> trust in others, belief that one is worthy, comfortable being dependent on others
avoidant--> suppression of Attachement needs, uncomfortable to be close to others
anxious--> anxious that partner may leave / does not really love
--> not concrete, there is a range to those styles

, Effects of social deprivation -Hospitalism ( state of apathy & depression noted in hospitilised children without close contact to caregiver)
-contact to mother is the baby's first experience of socialisation, Emotion-in-relationships model
The way that I show my feelings for my partner needs to be carefully, even strategically, managed., Sternbergs triangle of love 3 factors to characterise different experiences of love

Passion
Commitment
Intimacy
Passion+Intimacy= Romantic love
Passion+ Commitment=Companiate love
Passion+Commitment+Intimacy= Consumate love ( ultimate form)

, three-factor theory of love:

cultural determinant (acknowledges love as a state)
an appropriate person to love (opposite sex/ similar age)
emotional arousal

, Relationships that work:

Personal dedication ( positive attraction to a particular partner& relationship)
moral commitment (sense of obligation)
constraint commitment ( factors that make it costly to leave relationship)

Ideal standards model: people who think that their current partner closely matches their image of an ideal partner are more satisfied with their relationship, Relationship breakdown:
once deterioration has been identified
-loyalty (waiting for improvement)
-neglect( allowing the deterioration to continue)
--> passive stance
-voice behaviour ( working at improving)
-exit behaviour ( choosing to end the relationship)
--> active stance
Relationship dissolution model

Intrapsychic phase ( analysing relationship)
Dyadic phase ( taking action, discussing concerns with partner)
Social Phase ( negotiate with friends )
Grave-dressing phase ( e.g division of property)

Self-Regulation (Match our behaviour to an ideal/ ought standard)
Partner-Regulation ( encourage partner to match an ideal standard of behaviour), Humans can smell and taste MHC (major histocompatibility complex) complementarity in potential partners
People that taste nice to us, most likely have an MHC system that differs from ours )