Rhodospirillum rubrum🏁 
VIRTUAL MICROBE 2
(VM 2) UPM-UKM
GROUP 2
STRUCTURE
LOCATION
MORPHOLOGY
METABOLISM
Gram-negative
mud
pond
sewage
grows aerobically:
grows anaerobically
can grow autrophically
ability to oxidized carbon monoxide using carbon monoxide dehydrogenease
Optimum growth temperature
25-30 degree Celcius
has multilayered outer envelope
mostly contain unsaturated, but there are some saturated fats in CELL WALL
Shape
SPIRILLA-spiral shape
Motile
POLARLY FLAGELLATED
TAXONOMY
Family: Rhodospirillacea
Genus:Rhodospirillum
Kingdom:Proteobacteria
Species:Rhodospirillum rubrum
Subspecies:Alpha
Major carotenoids (pigments)
rhodovibrin
spirilloxanthin
contains carotenoid and
bateriochlorophyll in its
chromatophore particles
help to absorb light and convert it to energy
distinct purple-red color under anaerobic conditions
colorless under aerobic conditions
http://jb.asm.org/content/193/13/3293.full worth to read!!
nitrogen fixing bacteria
uses nitrogenase to convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to ammonia
Sulfur is a major byproduct of photosynthesis, not O2
How Rhodospirillum rubrum can grows anaerobically
ANSWER!!
R. rubrum is also capable of anaerobic respiration. Its non-oxygenic terminal electron acceptors can include dimethyl sulfoxide and trimethylamine oxide. The presence of these electron acceptors makes it possible for substrates such as succinate, malate and acetate to support growth of R. rubrum. These acceptors, however, are only approximately 33-41% as efficient as oxygen in terms of energy conservation (Schultz and Weaver, 1982).
dark chemo-tropical environments
presence of oxygen
photo tropical environments
without oxygen
Ability to change color under different condition
BENEFITS
aerobic condition= the bacteria become colorless under anerobic condition = purple red color
Radiation resistance
Biodegradable plastics
Renewable energy
produce hydrogen by utilizing the following
"water-gas shift reaction"
produce a class of biodegradable plastics, poly beta-hydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
genes specific to ionizing radiation
increased in expression as "recovery time" elapsed after a given gamma radiation treatmen
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Under dark condition in presence of fructose
Mesophilicproteobacteria
using electron transport chain and electron carrier is NAD+/NADH
photosynthesis in Rhodospirillum rubrum
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/42/4/497.full.pdf
[FIRST ZOOM WITH UKM STUDENTS]()