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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CEREBRUM (LOBES (PARIETAL (Processes sensory…
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CEREBRUM
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LOBES
PARIETAL
Processes sensory stimuli allowing conscious awareness of general somatic sensation, spacial awareness, understanding of speech.
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FRONTAL
Plan,initiate and enact motor movement, thinking, planning, decision making, working memory.
TEMPORAL
Contains auditory and olfactory cortex. Recognition of objects, words, and faces. Language comprehension and emotional response and memory.
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DIENCEPHALON
HYPOTHALAMUS
Main visceral control center.
Regulates body temp, hunger, thirst, sleep and wake.
Controls endocrine system.
Involved in emotion.
Controls motivational center.
Involved in formation of memory.
EPITHALAMUS
Connects the limbic system to other parts of the brain.
Secretion of melatonin and hormones from pituitary gland.
Regulation of motor pathways and emotion.
THALAMUS
Composed of several nuclei. All sensory info on way to cortex goes through thalamus. Thalamus is a “relay station”.
BRAIN STEM
PONS
Located between the midbrain and medulla oblongata.
forms bridge between the brain stem and cerebellum.
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MIDBRAIN
FUNCTION
Plays roll in motor movement.
Mainly movements of the eyes.
Involved in auditory and visual processing.
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CEREBELLUM
CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES
MIDDLE
Connect the phone to the cerebellum.
Carry efferent information from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum.
INFERIOR
Arise from medulla.
Carry primarily afferent fibers from the vestibular nuclei and the spinal cord to the cerebellum.
SUPERIOR
Connect cerebellum to midbrain.
Carry primarily efferent instructions from cerebellum toward cerebral cortex.
FUNCTION
Smooth and coordinate body movements with help of other brain parts.
Maintains posture and equilibrium.
SPINAL CORD
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FILUM TERMINALE
A long filament of connective tissue that extends from the conus medullaris and attaches to the coccyx.
Anchors the spinal cord in place so it is not jostled in body movements.
ANTERIOR ROOT
Contains the axonal processes of sensory neurons arising from cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion.
POSTERIOR ROOT
Contains the axonal processes of motor neurons whose cell bodies are located in the central gray column of the spinal cord.
CNS PROTECTION
MENINGES
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PIA MATER
Layer of delicate connective tissue richly vascular used with fine blood vessels.
Clings tightly to the brains surface.
Arteries entering the brain carry ragged sheaths of pia mater internally for short distances.
DURA MATER
Strongest.
Tough dense fibrous connective tissue.
Consists of periosteal layer that attaches to the internal surfaces of the skull bones. The deeper layer (meningeal layer) forms the true external covering of the brain.
SUBARACHNOID SPACE
Filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
Contains largest blood vessels that supply the brain.
It is spanned by weblike threads that hold the arachnoid mater to the underlying pia mater.
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DURAL SINUSES
Form an interconnected series of channels in the skull and lie between the two layers of cranial dura mater.
Filled with O2 poor blood.