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Germany overview (Problems (Hunger/flu epidemic, inflation, shortage of…
Germany overview
Problems
Hunger/flu epidemic
inflation
shortage of essential goods
tense class divisions
bitterness in the military (defeat)
1.500.000 demobilized soldiers
radical groups hold strikes
soviets established by the KDP
KDP hopes for revolution
Treaty of Versailles
a 'dictated peace'
Germany = not involved in the negotiating process
Were forced to sign the Treaty once it was agreed
meant they had to accept the War guilt clause
humiliating and led to many resentful Germans
Weakened Germany/world role
military: no air force, army = 100,000 + navy = 6 battleships (max)
Pay reparations: 132,000,000,000 gold roubles (in 30 years)
Lost control of land
Rhineland = demilitarized + Danzig and Saar = controlled by League of Nations
Alsace - Lorraine
Polish Corridor
13% loss of territory
12% loss of pop.
Loss of industrial production
48% of its iron ore
16% coal production
15% agriculture
Weimar Republic 1918-23
Oct 1918: Kaiser abdicated
new Gov. in Reichstag formed
initiated by the elite
Gov. controlled by Prince Max
He made some reforms (insufficient)
led to "German Revolution" (wave of unrest)
Revolution from below