Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Developing American Identity (1820-1880) (Abolitionist Movement (William…
Developing American Identity (1820-1880)
Temperance
The alcohol consumption rate was very high, up to 5 gallons of liquor per person
Temperance was opposed by German and Irish immigrants who lacked any political power to stop it
Temperance was supported by factory owners and politicians because temperance had the ability to lower crime rates and poverty as well as make workers work more efficiently
Based off of moral and religious standpoints
American Temperance Society was created by Protestant ministers
Washingtonians were former alcoholics that pushed for treatment of alcoholism
Millions of people joined temperance reform societies
Most popular reform at the time
Most states increased taxes on the sale of liquor
Maine was the first state to prohibit manufacture and sale of alcohol, which led to other states following suit
Education
Push for free public education was caused by fear of uneducated lower class
Supported by workers' groups
Since public school was led by Protestants, Roman Catholics created private schools
Led by Horace Mann
Secretary of Massachusetts Board of Education
Pushed for longer school years and mandatory attendance for children
Not just the academic education of children but also moral education
William Holmes McGuffey wrote textbooks that were widely used to teach morals and reading
Second Great Awakening led to religious private colleges
Abolitionist Movement
Second Great Awakening gave a religious standpoint for abolishing slavery
There were extremists as well as moderates that had trouble agreeing
Question of compensation for slaves
American Colonization Society
Sought to transport freed slaves to new African-American colones
Seemed like a good idea but turned out to be highly ineffective
William Lloyd Garrison
Viewed the Constitution as proslavery
Published an antislavery newspaper
Formed American Antislavery Society
Radicalism led to tensions with other abolistionists
Liberty Party was formed
Wanted to end slavery politically and practically
Freed or escaped slaves like Frederick Douglass gave personal testimonies about tortures of slavery
Religion/Utopian Society
Many smaller reforms were pushed but were unnoticed due to the antislavery movement
American Peace Society
Diet/Nutritional Reform
Women's clothing
The Second Great Awakening led to a revival in Christianity
Christians started to push for morally correct reforms
Growth in antislavery movement
Temperance
Education
Morals became a large part of American politics
Women
Industrial Revolution
Reduced family sizes due to birth control
Women made religious and moral organizations
Cult of Domesticity
Men went to work in factories so women had to stay home
Could not be a part of politics
Many took matters into their own hands
Letter on the Condition of Women and the Equality of the Sexes
Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton campaigned for women's rights
A lot of feminists were antislavery
Seneca Falls Convention
Declaration of Sentiments was based off of the Declaration of Independence
Led to civil rights movements for women led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony