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Anna Kovalchuk Central Nervous System (spinal cord (conus medularis (at…
Anna Kovalchuk Central Nervous System
cerebrum
Lobes
frontal
precentral gyrus
primary motor cortex
plan, initiate voluntary movement, memory, make decisions
parietal
postcentral gyrus
primary somatosensory cortex
awareness of general somatic sensations
receives sensory info and process it
awareness of objects, sounds, and body parts
occipital
visual cortex
temporal
auditory and olfactory cortex
emotional response and memory
recognition of objects words and faces
language comprehension
insula
gustation cortex
general visceral sensations
stretch
discomfort
pain
diencephalon
thalamus
composed of several areas of grey matter and nuclei
all sensory except oldfashion goes through
relay station: amplify or tone down signals
hypothalamus
main visceral control center
breathing
blood pressure
controls autonomic nervous system
regulates body temperature
regulates hunger and thirst
regulates sleep and wake cycles
controls endocrine system
involved with emotion
motivational behavior for food/sex
formation of memory
epithalamus
has one nucleus
pineal gland
secretes melatonin, preps us for sleep
brain stem
medulla oblongata
cardiac center
vastumotor center
respiratory center
pyramids
cortex of the precentral gyrus
output through pyramidal tracts
decussation of pyramids
crossing from one side to another
cranial nerve nuclei
where cranial nerve connect to brain
10/12 connect to portion of brain stem
oldfactory doesn't
optic doesn't
pons
pyramidal motor tracts
pontine nuclei
connect cerebral cortex and cerebellum
involved with coordination of voluntary movements
mid brain
cerebral peduncles
composed of pyramidal motor tracts to spinal cord
from cerebrum to spinal cord
corpora quadrigemina
superior colliculi
involved with visual reflexes
inferior colliculi
involved in auditory reflexes
cerebellum
function
smooth and coordinate body movements
maintain posture and equilibrium
cerebellar peduncles
superior cerebellar peduncles
primary efferent instructions
cerebellum to cerebral cortex
middle cerebellar peduncles
efferent info
from cerebral cortex to cerebellum
inferior cerebellar peduncles
carry primarily afferent fibers
vestibular nuclei/spinal cord to cerebellum
spinal cord
conus medularis
at the inferior end of the spinal cord
"cone of spinal cord"
cauda equina
collection of nerve roots
inferior end
filum terninale
long filament of C.T.
anchors the spinal cord
anterior root
also known as ventral root
efferent motor root of a spinal nerve
posterior root
dorsal root
main bundle of nerves
CNS protection
meninges
dura matter
strongest of meningies
surrounds the brain
periosteal layer
attaches to inner surface of skull bones
meningeal layer
external covering of brain
arachnoid mater
deep to the dura mater
subdural space contains film of fluid
pia mater
has fine blood vessls
clings to brain surface
subarachnoid space
hold arachnoid mater to underlying pia mater
filed with cerebral fluid
contains largest blood vessels to supply brain
poor protection for vessels
epidural space
Fat cells and blood vessels
dural sinuses
endothelial-lined spaces
outer posterior and inner menengial layers