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Developing American Identity (1820-1880) (Temperance (Americans on average…
Developing American Identity (1820-1880)
Temperance
Americans on average consumed 5 gallons of hard liquor per person.
This caused reformers to target the consumption of alcohol as the cause of social ills
Temperance referred to the measures taken by the society and the government to restrict the consumption of alcohol.
This led to the rise of temperance
German and Irish immigrants largely opposed this but however lacked the political power to do anything regarding the issue
Maine and twelve other states had prohibited the production and consumption of alcohol.
This was however overshadowed by the bigger issue of slavey
Abolitionist Movement
The abolitionist movement was a social and political push freedom of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination.
Raised issues that led to the Civil War
Slavery was condemned and it was called a sin
The mission of the abolitionist was said to be completed when the universal male suffrage was extended to the African American males
Caused internal rifts and led to violence
Education
Free public schools were set up.
The idea of compulsory attendance became popular.
The common school movement was led by Horace Mann
The morill act was passed
Earlier there were a few common schools in the north however most of the children in the south were homeschooled
This act facilitated the federal funding of public schools throughout the country
Women
The Seneca Falls convention and the women's movement during the antebellum period took place, here the women demanded for.:
Suffrage
- Suffrage had been extended to black men but women still did not have the right to vote
Divorce and child custody rights
- Since most of the powerful positions of the court were held by men this led to a the court favoring men over women and any divorce or child custody case turned out to be in their favor. women protested against this and demanded for fair divorce and child custody rights
The right to retain property after marriage
- The married women property act was then passed
Most of the womens rights reformer supported the abolition and temperance
Equal educational opportunities
- Women demanded for equal educational opportunities through the establishment of schools and colleges for women.
Religion/Utopian Society
The 2nd great awakening took place
Many religious revivals swept through the united states.
Revivalism in NY- Presbyterian minister Charles G Finney started a series of revivals upstate New York. Instead of delivering sermons based on rational argument Finney appealed to the peoples emotions and the fear of damnation
Baptists and Methodists- In the south and in the western frontier people began to ravel from one location to another and they attracted thousands of people who came to attend their outdoor sermons. The preachers activated those who did not belong to any church.
Millennialism- Much of this religious enthusiasm was based on the popular belief that the world was about to end with the second coming of Jesus. They predicted a certain date but nothing happened, People however still began to believe in this
Mormons- Mormonism was found by Joseph Smith, he believed that the American Indians were the lost tribes of Israel. The mormons were forced to move because the people began to grow hostile towards them . They finally settled in Utah and set up a prospering town. The US govt was not happy with their practice of polygamy
Souces- The blue apush book and
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