Muscular system

framework for human body

muscles

contractile tissue

nerve impulses allows it to shorten or thicken

muscle cells are elonged fibers like rope

muscle tissue

skeletal

smooth

cardiac

voluntary attached to bones

involuntary don't have stripped appearance

chnage in blood vessel diameter

running and lifting

involuntary striated apperance

heart

pathology connection

myopathy

muscle disease or disorder

injury meds nervous disorders genetics

treatment depends on cause

tendons

ligaments

fibrous tissue

attach bone to bone

broad sheet of connective tissue

aponeurosis

movement and maintaining posture and heat

strain

overstretching of muscle or tendons

severe

mild

pulled muscle or slight overstretch of muscle

complete muscle tear or complete tendon rupture

chronic

acute

trauma

overuse or disease

moderate some tearing of muscle mild pain and stiffness

intense pain bruising and weakness

severe pain swelling excessive bruising and loss of movement

some muscle tears good for you like when you work out

diagnosis

treatment

medical history, physical exam, imaging

varies moderate or severe should be treated by doctor

RICE

tears

surgically treated

tendinitis

rarely is there inflammation

degenerative disease, overuse of muscle, and failure of tendon to repair itself after injury

more prone

roator cuff, Achilles tendon, Tbilisi posterior tendon, tendons of lateral elbow

risk factors

age, gender, skeletal anatomy, occupational equipment, systemic disease

treatment

PRICE, physical therapy, steroids, laser, ultra sound, shock waves, surgery

shin splits

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Pathology connection

Fibroyalgia syndrome

myalgia:pain and tenderness in muscle

chronic pain syndrome

more common in women

2% population

symptoms

pain

tenderness

fatigue

sleep disorders

depression

anxiety

exercise intolerance

cause

unknown

hyperactive stress

sensory or neurological problems

diagnosis

pain 11 of 18 tender points

treatment

no denfinate treatment but management

antidepressants, antipileptics, exercise, and pain relievers

contraction and relaxation

primary mover causing movement

point of origin muscle attached to stationary bone

point oof orgin is muscle attached to moving bone

contractibility muscle shortens ans smooths

excitability muscle ability to stretch

elasticity muscle return to original shape

synergistic muscle assist primary mover

antagonist muscle cause movement in opposite direction of agonist

diaphragm

primary mover of breathing

voluntary and involuntary

movement terminology

rotation: circular movemnt occur around axis

abduction: to move away from mid line of body

Adduction:to move towards mid line on body

Extention: increasing angle between two bones connected to a joint

flexion: opposite of extension decreasing angle between two bones

bent=flexor muscles

straighten=extensor muscles

muscle fiber

sarcomers

functional unit of each fiber

muscle contraction require atp and calcium

pathology connection

duchenne muscular dystrophy

dystrophin protein gene

carried on X chromosome

muscle weakness

mitochondrial myopathy

no treatment symptom management

defect in ATP production

muscle weakness and hearing loss

myasthenia gravis

immune system attacks

droopy facia muscles

tetanus lock jaw

bacteria

stiffness in muscle

long recovery

drug corner

non steroid anti inflammatory drug

pain medicine

muscle relaxes

asprin etc

Advil aleve

flxeril etc

paralytic medicine

cut off communication between brain and muscle

anecine etc

paralytic medication

must be closely monitored