Muscular system
framework for human body
muscles
contractile tissue
nerve impulses allows it to shorten or thicken
muscle cells are elonged fibers like rope
muscle tissue
skeletal
smooth
cardiac
voluntary attached to bones
involuntary don't have stripped appearance
chnage in blood vessel diameter
running and lifting
involuntary striated apperance
heart
pathology connection
myopathy
muscle disease or disorder
injury meds nervous disorders genetics
treatment depends on cause
tendons
ligaments
fibrous tissue
attach bone to bone
broad sheet of connective tissue
aponeurosis
movement and maintaining posture and heat
strain
overstretching of muscle or tendons
severe
mild
pulled muscle or slight overstretch of muscle
complete muscle tear or complete tendon rupture
chronic
acute
trauma
overuse or disease
moderate some tearing of muscle mild pain and stiffness
intense pain bruising and weakness
severe pain swelling excessive bruising and loss of movement
some muscle tears good for you like when you work out
diagnosis
treatment
medical history, physical exam, imaging
varies moderate or severe should be treated by doctor
RICE
tears
surgically treated
tendinitis
rarely is there inflammation
degenerative disease, overuse of muscle, and failure of tendon to repair itself after injury
more prone
roator cuff, Achilles tendon, Tbilisi posterior tendon, tendons of lateral elbow
risk factors
age, gender, skeletal anatomy, occupational equipment, systemic disease
treatment
PRICE, physical therapy, steroids, laser, ultra sound, shock waves, surgery
shin splits
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Pathology connection
Fibroyalgia syndrome
myalgia:pain and tenderness in muscle
chronic pain syndrome
more common in women
2% population
symptoms
pain
tenderness
fatigue
sleep disorders
depression
anxiety
exercise intolerance
cause
unknown
hyperactive stress
sensory or neurological problems
diagnosis
pain 11 of 18 tender points
treatment
no denfinate treatment but management
antidepressants, antipileptics, exercise, and pain relievers
contraction and relaxation
primary mover causing movement
point of origin muscle attached to stationary bone
point oof orgin is muscle attached to moving bone
contractibility muscle shortens ans smooths
excitability muscle ability to stretch
elasticity muscle return to original shape
synergistic muscle assist primary mover
antagonist muscle cause movement in opposite direction of agonist
diaphragm
primary mover of breathing
voluntary and involuntary
movement terminology
rotation: circular movemnt occur around axis
abduction: to move away from mid line of body
Adduction:to move towards mid line on body
Extention: increasing angle between two bones connected to a joint
flexion: opposite of extension decreasing angle between two bones
bent=flexor muscles
straighten=extensor muscles
muscle fiber
sarcomers
functional unit of each fiber
muscle contraction require atp and calcium
pathology connection
duchenne muscular dystrophy
dystrophin protein gene
carried on X chromosome
muscle weakness
mitochondrial myopathy
no treatment symptom management
defect in ATP production
muscle weakness and hearing loss
myasthenia gravis
immune system attacks
droopy facia muscles
tetanus lock jaw
bacteria
stiffness in muscle
long recovery
drug corner
non steroid anti inflammatory drug
pain medicine
muscle relaxes
asprin etc
Advil aleve
flxeril etc
paralytic medicine
cut off communication between brain and muscle
anecine etc
paralytic medication
must be closely monitored