Developing American Identity 1820-1880

Abolitionist Movement

Temperance

Religion / Utopian Society

Education

Factory owners decided to help this reform when they heard it could bring down the crime and poverty rates

German and Irish Immigrants were largely opposed to this temperance campaign but they lacked the political power to prevent the state and city government to reform

The high rate of alcohol consumption prompted reformers to target alcohol as the cause of social ills

Several Antislavery Societies Formed

Denmark Vesey

Missouri Compromise

Public education was common in New England

Level of education varied between gender, race, social class and more

Horace Mann started reform movement

The Second Great Awakening

Transcendentalists

Religious revivals swept through the United states as a reaction against the rationalism

Baptists and Methodists

These people questioned the doctrines of established churches and the business practices

Mormons

Calvinism

Was a counterattack against these liberal views from the 1790's

These revivals were successful because educated preachers would be easily understood by the uneducated

Started in the South and was advancing West and attracted thousands of people and became the largest protestant denomination in the country

I religion developed by Joseph Smith in 1830. His teachings were based on the Book of Mormon

The Second Great Awakening caused new divisions in the society between the newer and the older protestant churches

They argued for a mystical and intuitive way of thinking as a means for discovering one's inner self and looking for the essence of God in nature.

These movements seemed to be attuned to the democratization of American Society

Groups Against Drinking

American Temperance Society which tried to make people take a pledge of total abstinence

Washingtonians was a alcoholics recovery group that practiced helpful treatment methods towards drinking

A slave revolt that was unsuccessful

Publicized the horrors of slavery through newspapers

Schools established to educate young black children

Enables Missouri to enter as a slave state

Banned slavery west of Missouri

Schools were established to educate young black children

Common School Movement

Argued that educated was the way to turn unruly children into disciplined

A local affair governed by local school boards