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Lymphatic System Concept Map (Homeostatic imbalances involved in the…
Lymphatic System Concept Map
Immunities
Passive Immunity:
A form of short term immunity that comes with the introduction of someone else’s antibodies as opposed to one the carrier made.
Active Immunity:
Immunity that comes with the production of antibodies to try and wipe out antigens.
Lines of Defense
1st Line of defense:
The First line of defense is the skin. It is an innate immunity that is non-specific. It keeps bacteria and other microorganisms from getting food and nutrients
2nd Line of Defense:
The Second Line of defence is also a non-specific innate immunity, this defense includes several cells that destroy invaders in a non-specific way.
B Cells →
a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland, and responsible for producing antibodies.
T Cells →
a lymphocyte of a type produced or processed by the thymus gland and actively participating in the immune response.
Phagocytes →
a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
Natural Killer Cells→
Natural Killer Cells are a lymphocyte that can bind to infected cells and insert granules that contain perforin
3rd Line of Defense:
Also known as the specific immune system, this is the line of defense where lymphocytes such as T-Cells and B-Cells will fight off the antigens.
Relation to Cardiovascular system and immune defenses
Delivery of nutrients and oxygen cells
Removal of metabolic waste products from cells
Immune system operates through the cells of the lymphatic system
Structures in the Lymphatic System
Lymphatic Vessels →
Absorb fluid that diffuses from blood vessel capillaries into surrounding tissues and bring it to the lymph nodes to be filtered
Thymus →
Gland that produces thymosin (hormone that stimulates the differentiation and maturation of T cells
Tonsil →
Tonsils typically come across the bacteria first and alert the immune system of its presence.
Peyer’s Patches →
Small masses of lymphatic tissue found throughout the ileum region of the small intestine. Monitors intestinal bacteria populatio
Lymphoid Tissue →
loosely organized cells surrounding small arteries.
Spleen →
Large lymph node that serves as a home for cells of the immune system. It filters and stores excess blood.
Lymph Nodes →
“Guards the body” Masses of tissue enclosed in a capsule. Located throughout body. Filter out bacteria and viruses
Inflammatory Process
Inflammation forces more blood to go to the infected area. Gaps will appear in the cell wall, and the increase of blood flow in the area will strengthen the immune system.
However, pyrogens released during the inflammation process can lead to fever.
Fever Protects the body
Very high fevers can slow down or even kill off microbes that cause some infectious disease
The body elevated temperature helps white blood cells help fight infection
Homeostatic imbalances involved in the lymphatic and body defense system
Grave's disease →
Causes thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroxine; bulging eyes, autoimmune
Type 1 diabetes mellitus →
Destroys pancreatic cells, resulting in deficient production of insulin, autoimmune (DKA)
Multiple sclerosis →
Destroys white matter of brain and spinal cord, autoimmune
Systemic lupus erythematosus →
Affects kidneys, heart, lungs, and skin; autoimmune
Myasthenia gravis →
Impairs communication between nerves & skeletal muscles, autoimmune
Rheumatoid arthritis →
Destroys joints, autoimmune
Edema →
Fluid accumulation in the tissues, swelling
Glomerulonephritis →
Severe impairment of kidney function
Allergies →
"hypersensitivities," immune response to an otherwise harmless reaction
Anaphylactic shock →
Body-wide, systemic, acute allergic response (EpiPen, Histamine, 911)
Cells