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Hazardous Earth (Plate boundaries (Divergent/Constructive (Two plates move…
Hazardous Earth
Plate boundaries
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Divergent/Constructive
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As the magma cools, it forms new oceanic crust
The plates continue to move apart, allowing more magma to be injected
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The global circulation
Near the equator, there's more sun so the air above it heats up and rises, causing an area of low pressure
Further North and South, the air is cool and dense
Wind blows from high pressure areas to low pressure areas, causing the air to circulate
This causes arid, dry regions under high pressure and wet, flourishing reasons under low pressure (e.g. deserts and rainforests)
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Global temperatures
Sea
Because of this, the air above remains cool in summer
Some sunlight is reflected so it takes the sea longer to heat up, but also longer to cool down
Differences in pressure causes air to move – from high to low pressure, creating wind
Land
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On land, dark surfaces (e.g. soil, forest) absorb sunlight, which is converted to heat
Human climate change
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Evidence
Sea levels are rising, caused by sea expansion
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There are more extreme weather effects caused by the increase of water at a temperature of 27.5 degrees Celsius (the temperature required for a tropical cyclone to form)
Tropical cyclones
Physical hazards
Strong winds, which can cause damage to structures and infrastructure but can also hit people with flying objects
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Landslides can damage property and people as well as infrastructure e.g. gas pipes (In 2014, 53 people died in landslides in the Philippines caused by tropical storm Jangmi which saturated, heavy ground, causing it to slump)
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Earth's structure
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The core
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Radioactive decay occurs in the core, generating massive amounts of heat
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