Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Deuterostomes (Jaw Gill arches lost -> hinged (Chondricthyes sharks …

- - - - Dif from great white
      - 41000 lb
  - - - Bony fins
      - Not monophyletic
      - Anadromous
        freshwater -> migrate -> sea -> freshwater
        salmon, lamprey, hickory shad, smelt
        
        Escalators and stairs at dams
    - - Coelacanths
        
        2 populations
        
        Comoran
        
        Sulawesi
        
        13-18
      - Dipnoi
        
        Lungfish
      - Tetrapods
        
        Four limbs
        
        Became animals
        
        Minor changes in box genes
        
        In Devonian
        
        Fishapod
        
        Looked like a lizard
        
        Liked land but reproduced in water, like amphibians
        
        Amphibians
        buccal cavity
        
        Caecilians (looks like earthworm)
        
        MISSING AMPHIBIANS
        
        Amniotic egg
        
        PICTURE HERE
        
        Reptiles
        
        Testudines
        
        Turtles, tortoises, terrapins
        vertebrae and ribs are fused to shell
        no teeth but do have beak
        
        Squamata
        
        Lizards and snakes
        kinetic skull itch extremely mobile joints
        lizards have moveable eyelids and ext ears, snakes don’t
        gas exchange via lungs
        
        Titanaboa cerrejonensis
        
        Ancestors of legs had four limbs
        
        Crocodilia
        
        Four chamber heart : not completely four chambers
        third circuit with mixed blood
        
        Crocs and alligators, caimans
        teeth in sockets care for young
        water but nest on land
        confined to tropical and wam temperate conditions
        gender is determined by temperature
        
        Mammals
        
        Evolved from amniote ancestors
        
        Mammary glands
        hair
        specialized teeth
        enlarged skull
        camo
        quills
        
        Sub classes
        
        Prototheria: Monotremes
        egg laying mammals
        platypus and ant eater
        lack placenta
        no nipples
        10sex chromos
        lack SRY gene : suppresses gene found on X chromosomes
        
        Metatheria/ marsupials
        ventral pouch
        wallaby, opossum
        none @ oceans
        kangaroos are the biggest
        
        Eutheria
        placental animals
        
        Cetacean
        closely related to hippos
        pakicetus —> ambulocetus Nathan’s —> rodhocetus kasrani (smaller limbs; mandibular fat pad; nostrils higher and farther back)—> basilosaurus isis (non functional hind limb) —> modern sperm whale (some pelvic bone)
        oxygen isotopes - drank fresh and saltwater
        nasal opening gets smaller
        pod hunts (flip sharks over to make them sleep), complex play, cross-species co-operation, creative (tool use - dolphins wear sponges to protect against abrasions)
        Killer whales tore off tiger sharks fins
        Beluga whale mimicking human speech
- - - - Ceohalochordata
        
        Lanclets
        
        Filter feeders marine
      - Urochordata
        
        Tunicates
        
        Adult is sessile
        
        Tadpole larva
        
        Filter feeder with two siphoned