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exam 2 (HGP (Goals image (ID all human genes image, Map all genes image,…
exam 2
HGP
Goals
ID all human genes
Map all genes
Sequence all chromosomes
Analyze gene variation
Map and sequence model organism genomes
develop new genetic technologies
ELSI
Steps
cut genome to small pieces
sequence small pieces
use algorithms to find overlaps
overlap pieces to sequence
Proteomics
characterizes proteome
proteome larger than genome
modification
alternative splicing
Microbiome Project
sequences
bacteria
fungi
viruses
Brain-Gut Axis
Components
Neuronal Activation
Hormones
Neurotransmitters made in response to microbial metabolites
Vagus n. terminals activated by microbial gut peptides
Lymphocytes - sense gut lumen, release cytokines
How study?
Germ Free mice
probiotics
antibiotic intervention
infection
Metagenomics
also called environmental genomics
whole genome shotgun
wants to understand
interactions of microbial communities and environment
classify new species
ID novel functions
be able to isolate dna from sample area
Other "omics"
metabolomics - study of proteisn and enzymatic pathways in cell metabolism
glycomics - study of carbohydrates of cells or tissue
toxicogenomics
study of effects of toxic chemicals on genes
transcriptomics - study of all gnee transcripts in tissue or cells
stone age genomics
study of ancient dna
nutrigenomics
study of interactions of diet and genes
Systems Biology
interprets genomic info in context of biological pathways
interactome
protein to protein
protein to nucleic acid
protein to metabolite
