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NorahEricksonCentralNervousSystem (Cerebrum (Temporal Lobe (Primary…
NorahEricksonCentralNervousSystem
Cerebrum
Temporal Lobe
Primary auditory and olfactory cortex, recognize objects words and faces, language comprehension, emotion and memory
Frontal Lobe
Planning, initiating voluntary movement, thinking, decision making, memory
Parietal Lobe
Process sensory stimuli, aware of general somatic sensation, aware of objects sounds and body parts
Occipital Lobe
Visual Cortex
Precental Gyrus
Hill before cental gyrus, primary motor cortex, in frountal lobe
Postcentral Gyrus
Hill after cental gyrus, primary somatic sensory cortex, parietal lobe
Broca's Area
Located in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere,
Function: motor movement of speech
Wernicke area
Located in the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere
Function: speech comprehension- able to name viewed objects and read words
Association Tract
Connect parts of same hemisphere
Commissural Tract
takes info from one hemisphere to the other
Projection Tract
From cortex to thalamus or from cortex to spinal cord
Insula
lateral sulcus, primary gustation cortex, taste and visceral sensation
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Paired Structure, composed of several nuclei, all conscious sensory signals pass through the thalamus on the way to the cortex. Exception is olfaction
Hypothalamus
Located between pituitary gland and thalamus, composed of multiple nuclei, visceral control center,
Epithalamus
Location of pineal gland, which secretes melatonin, located above mammary glands lateral to the thalamus
Brain Stem
Mid-brain
Most superior portion of brain stem directly inferior to thalamus,
Cerebral peduncles- composed of pyramidal motor tracts (cerebral cortex to spinal cord),
Corpora quadrigemina - superior colliculi (visual reflexes) and inferior colliculi (auditory reflexes) : :
Pons
middle portion (bulbous area),
PMS- Pyramid tract-travels through the pons,
middle cerebellar peduncle- cerebrum through pons to the cerebellum
reticular formation nuclei- parts of bs involved with autonomic behavior
Medulla Oblongota
bottom portion of brain-stem
pyramid tract- run through
reticular formation- cardiovascular center, vasomotor center and respritory center
Cerebellum
Function
Equilibrium, posture, smooths and coordinates body movement,
Vermus- joins 2 hemispheres
Superior Peduncle
midbrain to cerebellum
middle peduncle
pons to cerebellum
inferior peduncle
medulla oblongota to cerebellum, efferent from spinal cord
Spinal Cord
Conus Medularis
tapered end of spinal cord (L1 and L2)
Cauda Equina
(Horse Tail) nerves coming off of conus medularis
Filum Terninale
connective tissue stabilizes spinal cord
Anterior Root
composed of axons of visceral and somatic motor neurons, signals travel away from spinal cord
Posterior Root
cell bodies in dorsal root ganglion, sensory travel toward spinal cord
CNS Protection
Dura Mater- most superficial layer: tough dense fibourus connective tisue
Periosteal layer-near the bone
meningeal layer- deep
subdural space- thin layer of fluid
Aracnoid mater- spider web like fibres
subaracnoid space- filled with CSF and blood vessels
Pia mater- very thin vascular layer right on surface of brain/ spinal cord with cappilaries
Epideral space- filled with fat
subarachnoid space- filled with blood vessels and CSF
Dural Sinus- filled with oxygen poor blood, drains into internal jugular vein back toward heart