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Sectionalism (North (Life/Society/Culture (Short growing season plus cold…
Sectionalism
North
Economic
The economy of the North was based on manufacturing.
Very few boys, and almost no girls went on to secondary school.
Increase in factory work brought more people to live in the cities.
College was reserved for the wealthy.
Population
Increase in factory work brought more people to live in the cities.
Huge population increase in the North between 1800 and 1860
Life/Society/Culture
Short growing season plus cold made farming difficult.
Cities develop in North as centers of trade.
Warm, humid summers and cold snowy winters
Both religion and education were organized.
Canals were mostly in the North.
Immigration
Many immigrants from Europe began working in factories and producing goods used by people in the North.
Irish, German, and other Europeans mostly settle in North.
Key Vocab
Daniel Webster, Commonwealth v. Hunt, Industrial Revolution, Tammany Hall, Urbanization, Settlers, Know-Nothing Party, Nativists/Nativism
South
Economics
Cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar cane, and indigo were sold as cash crops.
The economy of the South was based on agriculture.
Cotton became the most important crop after Ely Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin.
More slaves were now needed to pick the cotton.
Slavery became essential to the South’s economy.
southern thought
They thought in the king cotton
The southern thought that they were sufficient
Life/Society/Culture
Warm and sunny with long summers, mild winters. Lots of rain.
Climate ideal for agriculture
Plantations were self-sufficient and became like small towns.
Most southerners lived on farms.
The culture of the South was determined by the upper class plantation owners and their families.
The South was still dependent on the steamship.
Population
Population of the South made up of Europeans and enslaved Africans.
1/3 of the population were slaves.
Only 1/4 of farmers owned slaves.
Key vocab
Slave codes, king cotton, Cyrus McCormick, Unions, Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner (Rebellion), Peculiar Institution, Deep South, Codes of Chivalry
West
Settlers
As the frontier moved westward, trappers and hunters moved ahead of settlers, searching out new supplies of beaver and other skins for shipment to Europe.
The West is still one of the most sparsely settled areas
Population
Western region of the United States includes 13 states with a total estimated population of 74,254,423.
African / Indians
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 implemented the federal government's policy towards the Indian populations, which called for moving Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river.
African Americans had ventured into Oregon Territory as early as the 1840s, and Colorado Territory after the Pikes Peak gold rush of 1859, the vast majority moved to California.
The frontier
The frontier moves west. Throughout the 1800's, America's frontier moved steadily westward.
Key Vocab
John Deere, Immigration Changes, Irish Potato Famine, Great Plains, American Indian Removal, The Frontier/West,
Was the U.S. three separate "sections" during this period or all parts of a greater whole?
During this period the U.S. was separated into parts. Every section had its way of thinking, different economy and population. For example, the south with king cotton, and slave codes.