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Sectionalism (South (Key Vocabulary (Codes of Chivalry, Deep South),…
Sectionalism
South
Economics
Agriculture was the foundation of the South's economy (King Cotton). The cotton gin made cotton affordable all over the world. With the high demand on cotton, planters moved westward, providing 2/3 of all U.S. exports.
Southern Thought
As cotton became the South's economy, slavery became the focus of the South's political thought. This was because the slaves were the ones who were doing the cultivating of the cotton.
Life/Society/Culture
Agriculture in the South was what supported the economy. Most people had farms growing tobacco, cotton, and rice. It was not uncommon for someone to have slaves in their household.
Population
Increase in population from 1 million in 1800's to 4 million in 1860. The major cause of this population increase was natural growth, although the smuggle of African Americans also contributed to the growth. Slaves made up to 75% of the south's population.
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West
Settlers
The Old Northwest (Midwest) was accessed by settlers floating down the Ohio River Deep South was settled by small farmers. Pulled west to buy land.
Population
The population of all the western states was 619,000.
The Frontier
The location of the western frontier constantly shifted, but the concept of the western frontier stayed the same. The West was also said to be a place that was great for all ethnic groups.
American Indians
1850 vast majority of American Indians lived west of the Mississippi River; this due to those in the east who had been either killed by disease died in battles, emigrated reluctantly, or forced to leave their land by military action some used horses the Spanish had brought and become nomadic hunters who migrated with buffalo.
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North
Economics
The North's economy was mostly based off of manufacturing. Immigrants from Europe usually worked in factories making textiles.
Immigration/Peopling
1832 increase in immigration 1830's to 1850's nearly 4 million people from northern Europe immigrated to the U.S. Arrived by ship in northern seacoast cities. Immigrants rare in South because of slavery and labor limitations. Immigration mainly caused by inexpensive transportation, famines, and revolutions in Europe, economic opportunities and political freedom.
Life/Society/Culture
Culture in the North was determined by life in the cities. Both religion and education were organized. Schools and churches resided in most towns. College was only for the wealthy however. Life in the cities soon became an important center for art and culture.
Population
The North's population grew from 5% to 15% by 1850. Since the North's urban population grew, resulting in rapid growth in cities from Boston to Baltimore and slums. Crowded housing, poor sanitation, infectious diseases, and high rates of crime were also a part of life in the North.
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