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Electrical Circuits (Series Circuits (Potential Difference (When two or…
Electrical Circuits
Series Circuits
Current
When two or more components are connected in series, the same current flows in each component.
If a component is removed from the circuit, the circuit will stop working
Different components in a series circuit are connected in a line, end to end.
Electrons in a series circuit only have 1 route to take and lamps cannot be switched off individually
Potential Difference
When two or more components are connected in series, the total potential difference of the supply is shared between them.
Two identical resistors connected in series will share the potential difference. They will get half each
If resistors connected in series are not the same then the potential difference is larger across the larger of the resistors.
If there is a change in the resistance of one component then this will result in a change in the potential differences across all of the other components in the circuit
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Parallel Circuits
Current
When two or more components are connected in parallel, the total current flowing in the circuit is shared between the components
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Potential Difference
When two or more components are connected in parallel, the potential difference across them is the same.
If a voltage across a lamp is 12 V, the voltage across another lamp connected in parallel is also 12 V
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Each component in parallel has the same current as it would have if it were connected to the battery without the other components present
This means that a higher resistance in parallel with a smaller resistance would have less current in it