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Cellular Respiration (Aerobic respiration (Glycolysis: step 1 (occurs in…

- - - - does not require oxygen
        
        substrate-level phosphorylation: enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule directly to ADP to make ATP
    - - products: 2 ATP, 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NADH, 2H+
    - - A six carbon intermediate splits into 2 three-carbon intermediates
        
        A redox reaction generates NADH
        
        ATP and pyruvic acid are produced
  - - - products: 2 COH2, 2NADH, 2 Acetyl CoA
  - - - products: 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
    - - occurs two times per glucose molecule
  - - - products: H2O, 32 or 34 ATP, NAD+, FAD
- - - - cells manage energy resources by energy coupling to do work
        
        Most energy coupling in cells is mediated by ATP
  - - - exergonic reaction: proceeds with a net release of free energy and is spontaneous
        
        energy released spontaneous
  - - - sucrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose
      - A substrate is the reactant that an enzyme acts on
        
        The enzyme binds to its substrate, forming an enzyme-substrate complex
        
        While bound, the activity of the enzyme converts substrate to product
        
        The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds
        
        Enzymes emerge from reactions in their original form
        
        small amounts of enzyme can have huge metabolic effects because they're used repeatedly in catalytic cycle
- - - - recycles NAD+ to keep glycolysis working
        
        occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochodria
    - - products: carbon dioxide, reduced species, ATP
  - - - NAD+ is recycled
        
        occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria
    - - products: carbon dioxide, reduced species, ATP