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Nervous System and Reflexes (Reflex arc (Same happens at synapse between…
Nervous System and Reflexes
Receptors
Any changes (known as stimuli) are detected by the cells are called receptors
Receptor cells are similiar to most animal cells but tend to be clustered together in special sense organs
Your body is particularly sensitive to changes in the world around you
How it works (Nervous System)
The effector then responds
Motor neurones carry information from CNS to the rest of the body
Impulse reaches CNS (came along sensory neurone)
Once sensory receptor detects a stimulus the information is sent as electrical impulse that passes along special cells called neurones
What are reflexes for?
Some reflexes take care of basic body functions such as breathing
Reflexes are fast and automatic
They help you to avoid danger or harm because they happen so fast
Don't involve conscious part of brain
Reflexes are important for both humans and animals
Reflex arc
Same happens at synapse between relay and motor neurone
When impulse reaches effector organ it is stimulated to respond
Chemical diffuses across synapse to the relay neurone where it sets of new electrical impulse along relay neurone
When impulse from sensory neurone arrives at synapse with relay neurone a chemical is realeased
Electrical impulse passes along a sensory neurone to the CNS - Central Nervous system (in this case Spinal Cord)
When you touch object, a receptor in your skin is stimulated
Synapses
Electrical impulses cannot cross synapse but the chemical can diffuse across synapse
Diffusion not as fast as movement of electrical impulse, but makes it possible for the impulse to cross gap
Junstctions called synapses forming physical gaps between neurones
Neurones are not joined up together directly