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Enzymes (useful terms (Active site= The place where the substrate fits…
Enzymes
useful terms
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Enzyme substrate complex = the intermediate formed when a substrate molecule interacts with the enzyme
Digestive system
food is digested in the mouth, stomach and small intestine
digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestine
The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system.
excess water is absorbed back into the body in the large intestine any undigested food passes out of the anus as faeces when we go to the toilet
After the food is swallowed it passes through these organs in turn: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus
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The job of enzymes
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Enzymes help large molecules to fit together or come apart in just the right way over and over again
lock and key model
The shape of the enzyme and active site is critical change its shape and the substrate will not fit in the active site
Only molecules/substrates with the right shape can fit into the enzyme=lock and key model after the reaction the products formed leave the active site
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Temperature and PH
The rate of reaction increases as temperature increases up until around body temperature which is ideal but if the temperature gets too high the enzyme can be denatured as the proteins are broken down at 40C +
The optimum PH for most enzymes is around neutral but e.g enzymes in the stomach work best at PH2 because they are used to it at extremes of PH the active site is not the right shape for the substrate
Higher temperatures increase the frequency and energy of collisions between the enzymes and other molecules
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Enzyme
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cells contain enzymes that catalyse lots of different reactions and the nucleus controls the enzymes
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction
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