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File and File I/O- part1 (Directory and File Handling Commands (cat <…
File and File I/O- part1
What is a file system?
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File system types:
Linux: ext2fs, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS
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A simple description of the UNIX system, also applicable to Linux, is this:
"On a UNIX/Linux system, everything is a file;if something is not a file, it is a process."
inode number
What is an inode?
In computing, an inode (index node) is a data structure found in many Unix file systems.
Each inode stores all the information about a file system object (file, directory, device node, socket, pipe, etc.), except data content and file name.
A data structure is a specialized format for organizing and storing data. General data structure types include the array, the file, the record, the table, the tree, and so on. Any data structure is designed to organize data to suit a specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate ways.
Each file of whatever type, stored in a disk partition, is allocated a number (called its inode number)
Inode?
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Each element of the array is an inode which store the administrative information about a single file (e.g. when it was created, who owns it and where the data blocks for this file are stored on the disk partition.)
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File internal structure
Types of files
Directory file
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forms a container, other files and directories can be placed
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Special file
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allowing processes to communicate with the various hardware devices that are connected to the machine such as terminals, CD-ROMS, modem etc.
Examples: peripherals, pipes and sockets
Ordinary files
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used for text document (include program source code),data files for program and binary executable program files
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