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Central Nervous System (Cerebrum (Lobes (occipital (Vision), Insula…
Central Nervous System
Cerebrum
Lobes
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Temporal
Recognition of faces and opjects, language comprehension
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Frontal
Think, plan, decision makeing
Precentral gyrus
Controls voluntary movement, contains primary motor cortex.
Postcentral gyrus
Posterior to central sulcus, contains primary somatosensory cortex (extremities, skin, muscle, joints).
Broca Area
Located on left side of hemisphere, controls motor movements of speech.
Wernicke Area
understanding of speech, name viewed objects and read words.
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CNS Protection
Three Meninges
arachnoid mater
Filled with CSF, also blood vessels.
pia mater
fibrous CT "shrink wrap", very vascular, capillary rich.
dura mater
only in menigeal portion, tough, dense fibrous tissue.
Subarachnoid space
filled with CSF, web-like threads that hold the arachnoid mater to the underlying pia mater.
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Diencephalon
Thalamus
"inner room," egg shaped, Y shaped sheet of white matter. Paired structure that makes up 80% of the diencephalon and forms superolateral walls of the third ventricle.
Hypothalamus
Inferior portion of diencephalon, Forms the inferolateral walls of the third ventricles.
Epithalamus
third and most dorsal part, consists of one tiny group of brain nuclei and small unpaired knob called a pineal gland.
Cerebellum
Located dorsal to the medulla and pons, smooths and coordinates body movements that are directed by other brain regions, helps maintain posture and equilibrium.
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Spinal Cord
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anterior root "ventral"
efferent motor fibers, mylenated and nonmylenated.
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posterior root "dorsal"
contain sensory fibers from skin, Larger than ventral roots.
Conus medularis
Where spinal cord tapers, "cone of the spinal cord"
Brain Stem
Mid Brain
lies between diencephalon and the pons, most rostral of the three regions of brain stem.
Medulla Oblongatta
white matter fiber tracts connecting the more rostral regions of the brain with the spinal cord must pass through here.
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