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Chapter 3 - Literacy in the Curriculum Challenges for EL Learners…
Chapter 3
- Literacy in the Curriculum Challenges for EL Learners
What does it mean to be "literate"
Literacy learning goes on throughout one's lifetime
ELL need to be shown explicitly how to read and use these new forms
Being literate is not only about learning new vocabulary but also how things are linked
students should be provided time to talk about disciplinary knowledge in order to internalize the ideas
Literacy in the curriculum
Language and content are entwined
Subject-specific literacy is closely tied to the ways of thinking and reasoning, and ways of reading and writing, that are valued in a particular subject
Being subject literate means understanding how the "big ideas" of the discipline are organized and evaluated and related to being able to think and reason in subject-specific ways
Teachers must focus on both content and process
Language is a central tool for cognitive development in school, as well as for developing subject-related knowledge
teachers need to be able to be explicit about what students are required to do in language and with language in their subject.
What makes academic language difficult
Spoken and Written Language
Contextual Factors: (field) topic of the text, (tenor) relationship between speaker and listener and (mode) channel of communication, whether it is spoken or written. All three are referred as (register)
students learn to talk, read, and write about an increasing range of subjects (or fields) using a more formal tenor and expressing what they have learned largely through the written mode
In an integrated program the curriculum is made to give students the valid information that is necessary in that content
students talk about ideas and experiences in a detail so that the listener could understand
Two Features of Academic Language
Nominalization
nominalization is the process of changing verbs into nouns (ex. destroy ---> destruction)
allows writers to structure information so that they can express abstract ideas, "big ideas," instead of event
move from familiar language towards specialized language
Nominal Groups
nominal group (noun group) is an extended groups of words that represent a single idea but carry a lot of information