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Degrees (If we only used degrees to identify places, we wouldn’t be…
Degrees
If we only used degrees to identify places, we wouldn’t be accurate. Km are divided into meters and centimetres Degrees are dived into minutes. There are 60min in ne degree (15, 30, 45) Latitude (North or South) Longitude (East or West) Example: 31⁰31’S 25 ⁰ 02 E
A map shows us a picture of the earth or a part of the earth The map cannot be as large as the area it represents, but must still tell us how large the actual part of the earth is compared to the size of the map. We use a scale to show the relationship.
The scale is always shown on the map. There are different types of scales: EG linear or word scales.
Degrees are written as, minutes:' and seconds:''
Settlements and land Use
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Rural Settlements : mainly involved in fishing, mining and forestary
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Primary Activities, activities such as farming, forestry, fishing an mining.
Secondary Activities, converting the raw materials into products e.g. cars
Tertiary Activities : Activities for the public, providing services to the population
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Urban Settlements : Land settlements that include CBD (central business district), residential zones, recreational zones and shopping centres
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CBD : Where businesses offices, shopping centers and parks are situated.
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Residential : Where people live, divided into high, middle and low income zones
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Light Industrial : located near residential areas, don't pollute the air
Heavy Industry : need large areas of land to manufacture things, need good transporting systems, located far from residential areas
Climate around the world
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Climate is the temperature, cloudiness,wind and rain over a long period over time
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Equatorial Climate : found in Amazon and Congo basins, no real change in seasons, heavy rainfall
Savanna Climate : Summers are hot, Rain falls only in summer, vegetation is a mixture of trees and grass
Desert climate : Western side of continents, main deserts are found in Namibia and Sahara, Australian, Californian and Atacama
Mediterranean climate : Found on Western side of continents, called Mediterranean because its found along the Mediterranean sea, most rain falls in winter and dry summer
Tundra Climate : Found in North Atlantic circle in Canada, Alaska and Siberia, Low temperature cause of distance from equator
Monsoon climate : South east Asia and Northern Australia , temperatures vary with altitude, temp is high before rain starts
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Latitude : Close to the equator is hot all year, tundra is cold because it is far from the equator
Altitude : the higher the altitude the colder, the closer the hotter
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Distance from the sea : Climate regions far from the sea have big differences between summer and winter temperatures
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Urbanisation
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Rural Urban Migration: cities are growing because more and more people are moving from rural areas to cities, this is called rural urban migration
A migrant is someone who moves from one country to another for a better lifestyle and better life as well as because of political problems
Push and pull factors, negative aspects push people towards a city, positive things in the city give it the pull factors
Pull Factors, improvement in standard of living,better healthcare, higher wages, better quality of education and future prosects
Push factors, population pressure, poor infrastructure, poor healthcare, natural disasters,
Rural
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In rural settlements
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If soil fertility is high, a nucleated settlement will form.
Limited resources, nucleated settlement will form.
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