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Imperial China Geography ((Gobi is Asia's largest desert. It stretches…
Imperial China Geography
7.19- Create a visual or multimedia display to identify the physical location and major geographical features of China including the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Himalayas, Plateau of Tibet, and the Gobi Desert
FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Communist state
CAPITAL: Beijing (Peking)
POPULATION: 1,355,692,576
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: Standard Chinese, Mandarin
MONEY: Yuan (or renminbi)
AREA: 3,705,405 square miles (9,596,960 square kilometers)
MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES: Himalaya
MAJOR RIVERS: Yangtze, Yellow
Official Name- People's Republic of China
The Himalayas are by far the tallest mountains in the world. This mighty range stretches 1,500 miles from east to west, across Bhutan, Nepal, India, Tibet, China, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
The Himalayas also shape the region’s climate. They block the clouds! South of the range, moist air moves north from the Indian Ocean. When the clouds hit the Himalayas, they rise and cool. Cool air can’t hold as much moisture. Out comes the rain. It drenches the southern Himalayan slopes like a super soaker. Very little moisture makes it across the range. The windswept Tibetan plateau north of the Himalayas is dusty and dry.
Just such a head-on collision has pushed the Himalayas sky-high. The mountain range got its start about 40 million years ago, as India began slowly crunching into Asia. That collision is still going on, so the Himalayas keep getting taller. To find out how fast, geologists put a Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument near the summit of Mount Everest. They determined that each year, the mountain gains another 0.1576 inches.
The Tibetan Plateau, also known as the Qinghai-Tibetan (Qingzang) Plateau, is a vast, high plateau in Central Asia. It covers most of the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Qinghai Province in China, and Ladakh in Kashmir, India.
The Tibetan Plateau occupies an area of around 1,000 by 2,500 kilometers, and has an average elevation of over 4,500 meters. It is the highest and largest plateau in the world.
It was formed by the same forces which formed the Himalayas, namely, the movement of the Indian continental plate into Asia. The Plateau has an great effect on climate, and is the main cause of the monsoon rains.
Gobi is Asia's largest desert. It stretches nearly 1,000 miles east and west and nearly 5,000 miles north and south across large parts of Mongolia and China. In total, it covers 500,000 square miles.
Less than 8 inches of rain fall in the entire desert every year. The Gobi is very dry, but it is also very cold. It is nearly 3,000 feet above sea level, and so its temperatures are very low at times. It can be quite hot or quite cold, often in the same day. Winter days can be filled with snowstorms and icy sandstorms. Average low temperatures are -40 degrees Fahrenheit. Average highs are 113 degrees Fahrenheit.
The Yellow River or Huáng Hé (sometimes simply called the River in ancient Chinese) is the second longest river in China(after Yangtze River) and the sixth longest in the world. The river is 5464 km long and it drains at the Bohai Sea, a gulf of the Yellow Sea. The river is often called the "Mother River of China" and "the Cradle of the Chinese civilization" in China.
The Yangtze River is the longest in Asia and the third longest in the world with a length of 3,915 miles. It flows from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China to the East China Sea. Chinese people also call this river ‘Chang Jiang’ that means ‘long river’.
The Great Wall of China is a wall that covers much of the northern border of China. If you take the length of the entire wall, plus various branches, it is around 5,500 miles long!
The wall was built to help keep out northern invaders like the Mongols. Smaller walls had been built over the years, but the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, decided that he wanted a single giant wall to protect his northern borders. He ordered that a single strong wall be built with thousands of lookout towers where soldiers could guard and protect his empire.
In the early 1400s, Zheng He led the largest ships in the world on seven voyages of exploration to the lands around the Indian Ocean, demonstrating Chinese excellence at shipbuilding and navigation.