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ch 15 (section 7 (sterilization with autoclaves, autoclaves, wrapping,…

- - - - prevents and controls spread of pathogens
      - protect the hcw from diseases and illnesses
- - - - Used on skin
      - not effective on spores and viruses
      - common one is alcohol
    - - used on objects
      - not always effective on spores and viruses
      - can irritate or damage skin
    - - use of steam under pressure, gas, radiation and chemical objects
      - an example is an autoclave
      - kills everything
  - - - contagious virus
      - vaccination can sometimes help but sometimes not
      - 1970 the vaccines stopped
    - - can live in soil
      - highly resistant
      - inhaled, through skin, uncooked food
      - 80% death rate with who catch it
    - - infected by fleas, chipmunks, small mammals
      - infectious disease from bacteria
      - no vaccine
      - If not treated immediately can go into blood an lungs then kill you
  - - - 1
        
        from eating
      - 2
        
        toxin in wound
      - 3
        
        babies who eat spores
  - - - bioterrorism act of 2002
- - - - Antibiotics do not kill
      - Simple plant like organisms that live on dead organic material
      - Yeast and molds
      - Can be pathogenic
      - Antifungal meds are needed
    - - Transmitted to humans by bug bites
      - Antibiotics are effective against most of them
      - Parasitic microorganisms
    - - Bacilli are rod shaped
      - Classified by shape and arrangement
      - Simple one celled organism
      - Multiply rapidly
      - Multiply rapidly
      - Cocci are round shaped or spherical
      - Sprilla are spiral or corkscrew shaped
    - - Smallest microorganism
      - Must be inside another living cell to reproduce
      - Spread through body secretions and blood
      - Very difficult to kill
      - hepatitis B
        
        Transmitted through blood and body fluids
        
        Serum hepatitis
        
        Caused by HBV
        
        affects the liver
        
        vaccine is expensive and is in three shots
      - Hepatitis C
        
        Caused by HVC
        
        Transmitted through blood and body secretions
        
        No vaccine is currently made but there are some being created
        
        Extremely difficult to destroy
        
        symptoms vary
- - - - starts in body
      - metabolic disorder
    - - starts outside body
      - radiation
    - - acquired in HC facility
      - carried by HCW to pt
      - antibiotic-resistant
      - can cause life threatening infections
    - - infection occurs when body defenses are down
      - doesn't occur in normal immune systems
      - carcinoma
  - - - bug
    - - place where infectious agent can live
    - - way for bug to escape
    - - though another reservoir or host
    - - person to person
    - - contact with contaminated items
    - - way bug enters host
    - - person who is likely to get sick
- - - - person to person
    - - geographic area
  - - - used on all pt