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chemical compounds in cells (Carbohydrates (Energy rich organic compounds,…
chemical compounds in cells
Elements and compounds
Compounds
Smallest unit of compounds is a molecule
Most thing in living things are coumpounds
Compounds are formed when two or more elements combine chemically
Organic and inorganic compounds
Most compounds that contain carbon are called organic compounds
Important organic compounds in living things are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acid.
Inorganic compounds are compounds that don't contain carbon.
Elements
Elements are things that cannot be broken down into smaller things.
Smallest unit of element is an atom
Elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfer
Water and living things
Most chemical reactions in cells have to use water
Water helps keep the size and shape of cells
Water makes up two thirds of your body
Carbohydrates
Energy rich organic compounds
Examples of carbs are sugars and starches
Made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Carbs are important for your cells
Protiens
Structure of proteins
You can combine different amino acids to form different proteins. Altering 1 amino acid can change the protein itself.
Made up of amino acids. there are 20 amino acids. Good way to think of amino acids are like letters of the alphabet, there are only 26 letters but you can combine them into thousands of words.
Functions of proteins
Proteins make up the organelles and cell membranes for cells
enzymes are a type of protein that helps speed up chemical reactions.
Lipids
Lipids are energy rich organic compounds
Contian oxegen, hydrogen and carbon
Lipids are fats, oils and waxes
organisms store lipids for latter use. ex: when a bear hibernates it uses its lipids for energy.
Nucleic acids
organic molecules made of carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen
Tell the cell what to do
Two types of nucleic acid are Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA gives information about an organism and passes some from parent to off spring and also directs the cell. RNA helps produce protein for the cell.