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Skeleton & Articulations (Cartilage (elastic cartilage (lines the…

- - - - 1) articular surface
        
        hyaline cartilage; prevents crushing of bone ends
      - 2) joint (synovial) cavity
        
        filled with fluid; unique to synovial joints!
      - 3) articular capsule
        
        external fibrous layer: dense irregular tissue
        inner synovial membrane: loose areolar tissue
      - 4) synovial fluid
        
        viscous, derived from plasma. nourishes articular cartilage (lubricant); contains phagocytic cells;
      - 5) reinforcing ligaments
        
        extracapsular; intracapsular
      - 6) nerves & blood vessels
        
        detects pain; monitors joint position/stretch; capillary beds supply for synovial fluid
    - - 1) plane
      - 2) hinge
      - 3) pivot
      - 4) condylar
      - 5) saddle
      - 6) ball-socket
  - - - sutures
        
        short fibrous CT interlocking; ex. sutures on skull
        
        immovable; synarthrotic
      - syndesmoses
        
        joined by ligaments, cords, bands of fibrous tissue; ex. fibula & tibia
        
        slightly movable; amphiarthrotic
      - gomphoses
        
        immovable; synarthrotic
        
        peridontal ligaments; ex.peg-in-socket (our teeth)
  - - - immovable; synarthrotic
      - bar/plate of hyaline cartilage; ex. epiphyseal plate, sternum to rib
    - - slightly movable; amphiarthrotic
      - fibrocartilage; ex. intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis
- - - - 1) hematoma
      - 2) soft callus forms
      - 3) bony callus forms
      - 4) bone remodeling
        
        -hormonal control
        
        -mechanical stress
        
        remodeling unit
        
        osteoblasts
        
        osteoclasts
  - - - hyaline CT
      - forms most of our limbs; replaces cartilage model
    - - fibrous CT
      - forms skull and clavicle; flat bones; faster process